- ResNet-50
@@ -47,9 +44,7 @@ TBD
| MKLML | 32.52 | 31.89 | 33.12 |
| MKL-DNN | 81.69 | 82.35 | 84.08 |
-
-chart on batch size 128
-TBD
+
- GoogLeNet
@@ -59,10 +54,59 @@ TBD
| MKLML | 128.46| 137.89| 158.63 |
| MKL-DNN | 250.46| 264.83| 269.50 |
-chart on batch size 128
-TBD
+
+
+- AlexNet
+
+| BatchSize | 64 | 128 | 256 |
+|--------------|--------| ------ | -------|
+| OpenBLAS | 45.62 | 72.79 | 107.22 |
+| MKLML | 66.37 | 105.60 | 144.04 |
+| MKL-DNN | 399.00 | 498.94 | 626.53 |
+
+
+
+#### Inference
+Test on batch size 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 on Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6148 CPU @ 2.40GHz
+- VGG-19
+
+| BatchSize | 1 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 16 |
+|-----------|-------|-------|-------|-------|-------|
+| OpenBLAS | 1.10 | 1.96 | 3.62 | 3.63 | 2.25 |
+| MKLML | 5.58 | 9.80 | 15.15 | 21.21 | 28.67 |
+| MKL-DNN | 75.07 | 88.64 | 82.58 | 92.29 | 96.75 |
+
+
+
+- ResNet-50
+
+| BatchSize | 1 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 16 |
+|-----------|-------|--------|--------|--------|--------|
+| OpenBLAS | 3.31 | 6.72 | 11.59 | 13.17 | 9.27 |
+| MKLML | 6.33 | 12.02 | 22.88 | 40.53 | 63.09 |
+| MKL-DNN | 107.83| 148.84 | 177.78 | 189.35 | 217.69 |
+
+
+
+- GoogLeNet
+
+| BatchSize | 1 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 16 |
+|-----------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|
+| OpenBLAS | 12.06 | 23.56 | 34.48 | 36.45 | 23.12 |
+| MKLML | 22.74 | 41.56 | 81.22 | 133.47 | 210.53 |
+| MKL-DNN | 175.10 | 272.92 | 450.70 | 512.00 | 600.94 |
+
+
+
+- AlexNet
+
+| BatchSize | 1 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 16 |
+|-----------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|
+| OpenBLAS | 3.53 | 6.23 | 15.04 | 26.06 | 31.62 |
+| MKLML | 21.32 | 36.55 | 73.06 | 131.15 | 192.77 |
+| MKL-DNN | 442.91 | 656.41 | 719.10 | 847.68 | 850.51 |
+
+
### Laptop
TBD
-### Desktop
-TBD
diff --git a/benchmark/cluster/README.md b/benchmark/cluster/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b619613ea7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/cluster/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+# Cluster Training Benchmark
+
+## Setup
+
+- Platform
+ - Kubernetes: v1.6.2
+ - Linux Kernel: v3.10.0
+
+- Resource
+ - CPU: 10 Cores per Pod
+ - Memory: 5GB per Pod
+
+- Docker Image
+
+ We use different base Docker Image to run the benchmark on Kubernetes:
+ - PaddlePaddle v2: paddlepaddle/paddle:0.11.0
+ - PaddlePaddle Fluid: paddlepaddle/paddle:[commit-id]
+ - TensorFlow: tensorflow/tensorflow:1.5.0-rc0
+
+- Model
+ vgg16 is used in this benchmark.
+
+## Cases
+
+- Variable
+ - Batch Size of training data.
+ - PServer count of the training job.
+ - The number of trainers.
+
+- Invariant
+ - The resource of trainer/pserver Pod.
+
+### Measure the Performance for Different Batch Size
+
+- PServer Count: 40
+- Trainer Count: 100
+- Metrics: mini-batch / sec
+
+| Batch Size | 32 | 64 | 128 | 256 |
+| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
+| PaddlePaddle Fluid | - | - | - | - |
+| PaddlePaddle v2 | - | - | - | - |
+| TensorFlow | - | - | - | - |
+
+### Measure the Performance for Different PServer Count
+
+- Trainer Count: 100
+- Batch Size: 64
+- Metrics: mini-batch / sec
+
+| PServer Count | 10 | 20 | 40 | 60 |
+| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
+| PaddlePaddle Fluid | - | - | - | - |
+| PaddlePaddle v2 | - | - | - | - |
+| TensorFlow | - | - | - | - |
+
+### Measure Parallel Efficiency By Increasing Trainer Count
+
+- PServer Count: 20
+- Batch Size: 64
+- Metrics:
+
+$S = \div(T1, TN)$
+
+which S is the ratio of T1 over TN, training time of 1 and N trainers.
+The parallel efficiency is:
+
+$E = \div(S, N)$
+
+| Trainer Counter | 1 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
+| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
+| PaddlePaddle Fluid | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
+| PaddlePaddle v2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
+| TensorFlow | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
+
+## Reproduce the benchmark
+
+TODO
diff --git a/benchmark/figs/alexnet-cpu-infer.png b/benchmark/figs/alexnet-cpu-infer.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6215ae4e42
Binary files /dev/null and b/benchmark/figs/alexnet-cpu-infer.png differ
diff --git a/benchmark/figs/alexnet-cpu-train.png b/benchmark/figs/alexnet-cpu-train.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b3200bbc04
Binary files /dev/null and b/benchmark/figs/alexnet-cpu-train.png differ
diff --git a/benchmark/figs/googlenet-cpu-infer.png b/benchmark/figs/googlenet-cpu-infer.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..19478d433b
Binary files /dev/null and b/benchmark/figs/googlenet-cpu-infer.png differ
diff --git a/benchmark/figs/googlenet-cpu-train.png b/benchmark/figs/googlenet-cpu-train.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4e86e058d0
Binary files /dev/null and b/benchmark/figs/googlenet-cpu-train.png differ
diff --git a/benchmark/figs/resnet-cpu-infer.png b/benchmark/figs/resnet-cpu-infer.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bc43d4b8d2
Binary files /dev/null and b/benchmark/figs/resnet-cpu-infer.png differ
diff --git a/benchmark/figs/resnet-cpu-train.png b/benchmark/figs/resnet-cpu-train.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..96746b1759
Binary files /dev/null and b/benchmark/figs/resnet-cpu-train.png differ
diff --git a/benchmark/figs/vgg-cpu-infer.png b/benchmark/figs/vgg-cpu-infer.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3a51ec6c47
Binary files /dev/null and b/benchmark/figs/vgg-cpu-infer.png differ
diff --git a/benchmark/figs/vgg-cpu-train.png b/benchmark/figs/vgg-cpu-train.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6d548cfd59
Binary files /dev/null and b/benchmark/figs/vgg-cpu-train.png differ
diff --git a/benchmark/paddle/image/alexnet.py b/benchmark/paddle/image/alexnet.py
index 3358d43a4b..07f478d8fa 100644
--- a/benchmark/paddle/image/alexnet.py
+++ b/benchmark/paddle/image/alexnet.py
@@ -1,3 +1,16 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2018 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
+#
+#Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#limitations under the License.
#!/usr/bin/env python
from paddle.trainer_config_helpers import *
@@ -6,10 +19,24 @@ height = 227
width = 227
num_class = 1000
batch_size = get_config_arg('batch_size', int, 128)
+gp = get_config_arg('layer_num', int, 1)
+is_infer = get_config_arg("is_infer", bool, False)
+num_samples = get_config_arg('num_samples', int, 2560)
-args = {'height': height, 'width': width, 'color': True, 'num_class': num_class}
+args = {
+ 'height': height,
+ 'width': width,
+ 'color': True,
+ 'num_class': num_class,
+ 'is_infer': is_infer,
+ 'num_samples': num_samples
+}
define_py_data_sources2(
- "train.list", None, module="provider", obj="process", args=args)
+ "train.list" if not is_infer else None,
+ "test.list" if is_infer else None,
+ module="provider",
+ obj="process",
+ args=args)
settings(
batch_size=batch_size,
@@ -31,7 +58,7 @@ net = img_pool_layer(input=net, pool_size=3, stride=2)
# conv2
net = img_conv_layer(
- input=net, filter_size=5, num_filters=256, stride=1, padding=2, groups=1)
+ input=net, filter_size=5, num_filters=256, stride=1, padding=2, groups=gp)
net = img_cmrnorm_layer(input=net, size=5, scale=0.0001, power=0.75)
net = img_pool_layer(input=net, pool_size=3, stride=2)
@@ -40,11 +67,11 @@ net = img_conv_layer(
input=net, filter_size=3, num_filters=384, stride=1, padding=1)
# conv4
net = img_conv_layer(
- input=net, filter_size=3, num_filters=384, stride=1, padding=1, groups=1)
+ input=net, filter_size=3, num_filters=384, stride=1, padding=1, groups=gp)
# conv5
net = img_conv_layer(
- input=net, filter_size=3, num_filters=256, stride=1, padding=1, groups=1)
+ input=net, filter_size=3, num_filters=256, stride=1, padding=1, groups=gp)
net = img_pool_layer(input=net, pool_size=3, stride=2)
net = fc_layer(
@@ -59,6 +86,9 @@ net = fc_layer(
layer_attr=ExtraAttr(drop_rate=0.5))
net = fc_layer(input=net, size=1000, act=SoftmaxActivation())
-lab = data_layer('label', num_class)
-loss = cross_entropy(input=net, label=lab)
-outputs(loss)
+if is_infer:
+ outputs(net)
+else:
+ lab = data_layer('label', num_class)
+ loss = cross_entropy(input=net, label=lab)
+ outputs(loss)
diff --git a/benchmark/paddle/image/googlenet.py b/benchmark/paddle/image/googlenet.py
index 7059c13bd2..3241be9c5f 100644
--- a/benchmark/paddle/image/googlenet.py
+++ b/benchmark/paddle/image/googlenet.py
@@ -1,3 +1,16 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2018 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
+#
+#Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#limitations under the License.
#!/usr/bin/env python
from paddle.trainer_config_helpers import *
@@ -7,13 +20,15 @@ num_class = 1000
batch_size = get_config_arg('batch_size', int, 128)
use_gpu = get_config_arg('use_gpu', bool, True)
is_infer = get_config_arg("is_infer", bool, False)
+num_samples = get_config_arg('num_samples', int, 2560)
args = {
'height': height,
'width': width,
'color': True,
'num_class': num_class,
- 'is_infer': is_infer
+ 'is_infer': is_infer,
+ 'num_samples': num_samples
}
define_py_data_sources2(
"train.list" if not is_infer else None,
diff --git a/benchmark/paddle/image/plotlog.py b/benchmark/paddle/image/plotlog.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8679d4f272
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/paddle/image/plotlog.py
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2016 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserved
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import sys
+import argparse
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+
+
+def parse_args():
+ parser = argparse.ArgumentParser('Parse Log')
+ parser.add_argument(
+ '--file_path', '-f', type=str, help='the path of the log file')
+ parser.add_argument(
+ '--sample_rate',
+ '-s',
+ type=float,
+ default=1.0,
+ help='the rate to take samples from log')
+ parser.add_argument(
+ '--log_period', '-p', type=int, default=1, help='the period of log')
+
+ args = parser.parse_args()
+ return args
+
+
+def parse_file(file_name):
+ loss = []
+ error = []
+ with open(file_name) as f:
+ for i, line in enumerate(f):
+ line = line.strip()
+ if not line.startswith('pass'):
+ continue
+ line_split = line.split(' ')
+ if len(line_split) != 5:
+ continue
+
+ loss_str = line_split[2][:-1]
+ cur_loss = float(loss_str.split('=')[-1])
+ loss.append(cur_loss)
+
+ err_str = line_split[3][:-1]
+ cur_err = float(err_str.split('=')[-1])
+ error.append(cur_err)
+
+ accuracy = [1.0 - err for err in error]
+
+ return loss, accuracy
+
+
+def sample(metric, sample_rate):
+ interval = int(1.0 / sample_rate)
+ if interval > len(metric):
+ return metric[:1]
+
+ num = len(metric) / interval
+ idx = [interval * i for i in range(num)]
+ metric_sample = [metric[id] for id in idx]
+ return metric_sample
+
+
+def plot_metric(metric,
+ batch_id,
+ graph_title,
+ line_style='b-',
+ line_label='y',
+ line_num=1):
+ plt.figure()
+ plt.title(graph_title)
+ if line_num == 1:
+ plt.plot(batch_id, metric, line_style, label=line_label)
+ else:
+ for i in range(line_num):
+ plt.plot(batch_id, metric[i], line_style[i], label=line_label[i])
+ plt.xlabel('batch')
+ plt.ylabel(graph_title)
+ plt.legend()
+ plt.savefig(graph_title + '.jpg')
+ plt.close()
+
+
+def main():
+ args = parse_args()
+ assert args.sample_rate > 0. and args.sample_rate <= 1.0, "The sample rate should in the range (0, 1]."
+
+ loss, accuracy = parse_file(args.file_path)
+ batch = [args.log_period * i for i in range(len(loss))]
+
+ batch_sample = sample(batch, args.sample_rate)
+ loss_sample = sample(loss, args.sample_rate)
+ accuracy_sample = sample(accuracy, args.sample_rate)
+
+ plot_metric(loss_sample, batch_sample, 'loss', line_label='loss')
+ plot_metric(
+ accuracy_sample,
+ batch_sample,
+ 'accuracy',
+ line_style='g-',
+ line_label='accuracy')
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+ main()
diff --git a/benchmark/paddle/image/provider.py b/benchmark/paddle/image/provider.py
index 927b175994..220c4bee35 100644
--- a/benchmark/paddle/image/provider.py
+++ b/benchmark/paddle/image/provider.py
@@ -1,3 +1,16 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2018 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
+#
+#Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#limitations under the License.
import io, os
import random
import numpy as np
@@ -14,6 +27,7 @@ def initHook(settings, height, width, color, num_class, **kwargs):
else:
settings.data_size = settings.height * settings.width
settings.is_infer = kwargs.get('is_infer', False)
+ settings.num_samples = kwargs.get('num_samples', 2560)
if settings.is_infer:
settings.slots = [dense_vector(settings.data_size)]
else:
@@ -23,7 +37,7 @@ def initHook(settings, height, width, color, num_class, **kwargs):
@provider(
init_hook=initHook, min_pool_size=-1, cache=CacheType.CACHE_PASS_IN_MEM)
def process(settings, file_list):
- for i in xrange(2560 if settings.is_infer else 1024):
+ for i in xrange(settings.num_samples):
img = np.random.rand(1, settings.data_size).reshape(-1, 1).flatten()
if settings.is_infer:
yield img.astype('float32')
diff --git a/benchmark/paddle/image/resnet.py b/benchmark/paddle/image/resnet.py
index 4a14363ff1..acc6d31d4b 100644
--- a/benchmark/paddle/image/resnet.py
+++ b/benchmark/paddle/image/resnet.py
@@ -1,3 +1,16 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2018 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
+#
+#Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#limitations under the License.
#!/usr/bin/env python
from paddle.trainer_config_helpers import *
@@ -7,13 +20,15 @@ num_class = 1000
batch_size = get_config_arg('batch_size', int, 64)
layer_num = get_config_arg("layer_num", int, 50)
is_infer = get_config_arg("is_infer", bool, False)
+num_samples = get_config_arg('num_samples', int, 2560)
args = {
'height': height,
'width': width,
'color': True,
'num_class': num_class,
- 'is_infer': is_infer
+ 'is_infer': is_infer,
+ 'num_samples': num_samples
}
define_py_data_sources2(
"train.list" if not is_infer else None,
diff --git a/benchmark/paddle/image/run_mkldnn_infer.sh b/benchmark/paddle/image/run_mkl_infer.sh
similarity index 95%
rename from benchmark/paddle/image/run_mkldnn_infer.sh
rename to benchmark/paddle/image/run_mkl_infer.sh
index d795bcab1b..62c9bf6efd 100755
--- a/benchmark/paddle/image/run_mkldnn_infer.sh
+++ b/benchmark/paddle/image/run_mkl_infer.sh
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ function infer() {
--trainer_count=1 \
--num_passes=1 \
--save_dir="models/${topology}-${layer_num}" \
- --config_args="batch_size=128,layer_num=${layer_num}" \
+ --config_args="batch_size=128,layer_num=${layer_num},num_samples=256" \
> /dev/null 2>&1
echo "Done"
fi
@@ -79,8 +79,9 @@ fi
# inference benchmark
for use_mkldnn in True False; do
for batchsize in 1 2 4 8 16; do
- infer googlenet v1 $batchsize $use_mkldnn
- infer resnet 50 $batchsize $use_mkldnn
infer vgg 19 $batchsize $use_mkldnn
+ infer resnet 50 $batchsize $use_mkldnn
+ infer googlenet v1 $batchsize $use_mkldnn
+ infer alexnet 2 $batchsize $use_mkldnn
done
done
diff --git a/benchmark/paddle/image/run_mkldnn_train.sh b/benchmark/paddle/image/run_mkl_train.sh
similarity index 83%
rename from benchmark/paddle/image/run_mkldnn_train.sh
rename to benchmark/paddle/image/run_mkl_train.sh
index 320206239a..03d2d378fb 100755
--- a/benchmark/paddle/image/run_mkldnn_train.sh
+++ b/benchmark/paddle/image/run_mkl_train.sh
@@ -28,6 +28,10 @@ function train() {
--test_period=100 \
--config_args=$args \
2>&1 | tee ${log}
+
+ avg_time=`tail ${log} -n 1 | awk -F ' ' '{print $8}' | sed 's/avg=//'`
+ fps=`awk 'BEGIN{printf "%.2f",('$bs' / '$avg_time' * 1000)}'`
+ echo "FPS: $fps images/sec" 2>&1 | tee -a ${log}
}
if [ ! -f "train.list" ]; then
@@ -43,5 +47,6 @@ for use_mkldnn in True False; do
train vgg 19 $batchsize $use_mkldnn
train resnet 50 $batchsize $use_mkldnn
train googlenet v1 $batchsize $use_mkldnn
+ train alexnet 2 $batchsize $use_mkldnn
done
done
diff --git a/benchmark/paddle/image/run_openblas_infer.sh b/benchmark/paddle/image/run_openblas_infer.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..a9a7b8a667
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/paddle/image/run_openblas_infer.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+set -e
+
+function clock_to_seconds() {
+ hours=`echo $1 | awk -F ':' '{print $1}'`
+ mins=`echo $1 | awk -F ':' '{print $2}'`
+ secs=`echo $1 | awk -F ':' '{print $3}'`
+ echo `awk 'BEGIN{printf "%.2f",('$secs' + '$mins' * 60 + '$hours' * 3600)}'`
+}
+
+function infer() {
+ export OPENBLAS_MAIN_FREE=1
+ topology=$1
+ layer_num=$2
+ bs=$3
+ trainers=`nproc`
+ if [ $trainers -gt $bs ]; then
+ trainers=$bs
+ fi
+ log="logs/infer-${topology}-${layer_num}-${trainers}openblas-${bs}.log"
+ threads=$((`nproc` / trainers))
+ if [ $threads -eq 0 ]; then
+ threads=1
+ fi
+ export OPENBLAS_NUM_THREADS=$threads
+
+ models_in="models/${topology}-${layer_num}/pass-00000/"
+ if [ ! -d $models_in ]; then
+ echo "./run_mkl_infer.sh to save the model first"
+ exit 0
+ fi
+ log_period=$((32 / bs))
+ paddle train --job=test \
+ --config="${topology}.py" \
+ --use_mkldnn=False \
+ --use_gpu=False \
+ --trainer_count=$trainers \
+ --log_period=$log_period \
+ --config_args="batch_size=${bs},layer_num=${layer_num},is_infer=True,num_samples=256" \
+ --init_model_path=$models_in \
+ 2>&1 | tee ${log}
+
+ # calculate the last 5 logs period time of 160(=32*5) samples,
+ # the time before are burning time.
+ start=`tail ${log} -n 7 | head -n 1 | awk -F ' ' '{print $2}' | xargs`
+ end=`tail ${log} -n 2 | head -n 1 | awk -F ' ' '{print $2}' | xargs`
+ start_sec=`clock_to_seconds $start`
+ end_sec=`clock_to_seconds $end`
+ fps=`awk 'BEGIN{printf "%.2f",(160 / ('$end_sec' - '$start_sec'))}'`
+ echo "Last 160 samples start: ${start}(${start_sec} sec), end: ${end}(${end_sec} sec;" >> ${log}
+ echo "FPS: $fps images/sec" 2>&1 | tee -a ${log}
+}
+
+if [ ! -f "train.list" ]; then
+ echo " " > train.list
+fi
+if [ ! -f "test.list" ]; then
+ echo " " > test.list
+fi
+if [ ! -d "logs" ]; then
+ mkdir logs
+fi
+
+# inference benchmark
+for batchsize in 1 2 4 8 16; do
+ infer vgg 19 $batchsize
+ infer resnet 50 $batchsize
+ infer googlenet v1 $batchsize
+ infer alexnet 2 $batchsize
+done
diff --git a/benchmark/paddle/image/run_openblas_train.sh b/benchmark/paddle/image/run_openblas_train.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..935cff6f2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmark/paddle/image/run_openblas_train.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+set -e
+
+function train() {
+ export OPENBLAS_NUM_THREADS=1
+ topology=$1
+ layer_num=$2
+ bs=$3
+ thread=`nproc`
+ # each trainer_count use only 1 core to avoid conflict
+ log="logs/train-${topology}-${layer_num}-${thread}openblas-${bs}.log"
+ args="batch_size=${bs},layer_num=${layer_num}"
+ config="${topology}.py"
+ paddle train --job=time \
+ --config=$config \
+ --use_mkldnn=False \
+ --use_gpu=False \
+ --trainer_count=$thread \
+ --log_period=3 \
+ --test_period=30 \
+ --config_args=$args \
+ 2>&1 | tee ${log}
+
+ avg_time=`tail ${log} -n 1 | awk -F ' ' '{print $8}' | sed 's/avg=//'`
+ fps=`awk 'BEGIN{printf "%.2f",('$bs' / '$avg_time' * 1000)}'`
+ echo "FPS: $fps images/sec" 2>&1 | tee -a ${log}
+}
+
+if [ ! -f "train.list" ]; then
+ echo " " > train.list
+fi
+if [ ! -d "logs" ]; then
+ mkdir logs
+fi
+
+# training benchmark
+for batchsize in 64 128 256; do
+ train vgg 19 $batchsize
+ train resnet 50 $batchsize
+ train googlenet v1 $batchsize
+ train alexnet 2 $batchsize
+done
diff --git a/benchmark/paddle/image/smallnet_mnist_cifar.py b/benchmark/paddle/image/smallnet_mnist_cifar.py
index 58879c454f..64a5da3220 100644
--- a/benchmark/paddle/image/smallnet_mnist_cifar.py
+++ b/benchmark/paddle/image/smallnet_mnist_cifar.py
@@ -1,3 +1,16 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2018 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
+#
+#Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#limitations under the License.
#!/usr/bin/env python
from paddle.trainer_config_helpers import *
diff --git a/benchmark/paddle/image/vgg.py b/benchmark/paddle/image/vgg.py
index 8d0a1e97a4..a357207a62 100644
--- a/benchmark/paddle/image/vgg.py
+++ b/benchmark/paddle/image/vgg.py
@@ -1,3 +1,16 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2018 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
+#
+#Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#limitations under the License.
#!/usr/bin/env python
from paddle.trainer_config_helpers import *
@@ -7,13 +20,15 @@ num_class = 1000
batch_size = get_config_arg('batch_size', int, 64)
layer_num = get_config_arg('layer_num', int, 19)
is_infer = get_config_arg("is_infer", bool, False)
+num_samples = get_config_arg('num_samples', int, 2560)
args = {
'height': height,
'width': width,
'color': True,
'num_class': num_class,
- 'is_infer': is_infer
+ 'is_infer': is_infer,
+ 'num_samples': num_samples
}
define_py_data_sources2(
"train.list" if not is_infer else None,
diff --git a/benchmark/paddle/rnn/provider.py b/benchmark/paddle/rnn/provider.py
index 928ca75daf..c03df3a002 100644
--- a/benchmark/paddle/rnn/provider.py
+++ b/benchmark/paddle/rnn/provider.py
@@ -1,3 +1,16 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2018 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
+#
+#Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#limitations under the License.
import io, os
import random
import numpy as np
diff --git a/benchmark/paddle/rnn/rnn.py b/benchmark/paddle/rnn/rnn.py
index 83eb3e5654..97005f2c35 100755
--- a/benchmark/paddle/rnn/rnn.py
+++ b/benchmark/paddle/rnn/rnn.py
@@ -1,3 +1,16 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2018 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
+#
+#Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#limitations under the License.
#!/usr/bin/env python
from paddle.trainer_config_helpers import *
diff --git a/benchmark/tensorflow/image/alexnet.py b/benchmark/tensorflow/image/alexnet.py
index f6a39ef778..edf462e6a1 100644
--- a/benchmark/tensorflow/image/alexnet.py
+++ b/benchmark/tensorflow/image/alexnet.py
@@ -1,3 +1,16 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2018 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
+#
+#Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#limitations under the License.
from six.moves import xrange # pylint: disable=redefined-builtin
from datetime import datetime
import math
diff --git a/benchmark/tensorflow/image/alexnet_multi_gpu.py b/benchmark/tensorflow/image/alexnet_multi_gpu.py
index 7b5ee78f4d..90b8f16bca 100644
--- a/benchmark/tensorflow/image/alexnet_multi_gpu.py
+++ b/benchmark/tensorflow/image/alexnet_multi_gpu.py
@@ -1,3 +1,16 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2018 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
+#
+#Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#limitations under the License.
from six.moves import xrange # pylint: disable=redefined-builtin
from datetime import datetime
import math
diff --git a/benchmark/tensorflow/image/googlenet.py b/benchmark/tensorflow/image/googlenet.py
index decf855b54..55431eceb3 100644
--- a/benchmark/tensorflow/image/googlenet.py
+++ b/benchmark/tensorflow/image/googlenet.py
@@ -1,3 +1,16 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2018 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
+#
+#Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#limitations under the License.
from six.moves import xrange
from datetime import datetime
import math
diff --git a/benchmark/tensorflow/image/googlenet_multi_gpu.py b/benchmark/tensorflow/image/googlenet_multi_gpu.py
index 31466faa37..44de3800a8 100644
--- a/benchmark/tensorflow/image/googlenet_multi_gpu.py
+++ b/benchmark/tensorflow/image/googlenet_multi_gpu.py
@@ -1,3 +1,16 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2018 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
+#
+#Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#limitations under the License.
from six.moves import xrange # pylint: disable=redefined-builtin
from datetime import datetime
import math
diff --git a/benchmark/tensorflow/image/smallnet_mnist_cifar.py b/benchmark/tensorflow/image/smallnet_mnist_cifar.py
index 1a625134a6..0858b5f9c9 100644
--- a/benchmark/tensorflow/image/smallnet_mnist_cifar.py
+++ b/benchmark/tensorflow/image/smallnet_mnist_cifar.py
@@ -1,3 +1,16 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2018 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
+#
+#Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#limitations under the License.
from six.moves import xrange # pylint: disable=redefined-builtin
from datetime import datetime
import math
diff --git a/benchmark/tensorflow/rnn/reader.py b/benchmark/tensorflow/rnn/reader.py
index f538329a15..710940c9ae 100755
--- a/benchmark/tensorflow/rnn/reader.py
+++ b/benchmark/tensorflow/rnn/reader.py
@@ -1,3 +1,16 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2018 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
+#
+#Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#limitations under the License.
import os.path
import io
import numpy as np
diff --git a/benchmark/tensorflow/rnn/rnn.py b/benchmark/tensorflow/rnn/rnn.py
index f288083e13..507481b9cc 100755
--- a/benchmark/tensorflow/rnn/rnn.py
+++ b/benchmark/tensorflow/rnn/rnn.py
@@ -1,3 +1,16 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2018 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
+#
+#Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#limitations under the License.
#!/usr/bin/env python
from six.moves import xrange # pylint: disable=redefined-builtin
import math
diff --git a/benchmark/tensorflow/rnn/rnn_multi_gpu.py b/benchmark/tensorflow/rnn/rnn_multi_gpu.py
index eabee4fa8f..f24cbaef62 100755
--- a/benchmark/tensorflow/rnn/rnn_multi_gpu.py
+++ b/benchmark/tensorflow/rnn/rnn_multi_gpu.py
@@ -1,3 +1,16 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2018 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
+#
+#Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#limitations under the License.
#!/usr/bin/env python
from six.moves import xrange # pylint: disable=redefined-builtin
import re
diff --git a/cmake/cblas.cmake b/cmake/cblas.cmake
index b21fc43904..6320b17520 100644
--- a/cmake/cblas.cmake
+++ b/cmake/cblas.cmake
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
# It will search MKLML, atlas, OpenBlas, reference-cblas in order.
#
# If any cblas implementation found, the following variable will be set.
-# CBLAS_PROVIDER # one of MKLML, ATLAS, OPENBLAS, REFERENCE
+# CBLAS_PROVIDER # one of MKLML, OPENBLAS, REFERENCE
# CBLAS_INC_DIR # the include directory for cblas.
# CBLAS_LIBS # a list of libraries should be linked by paddle.
# # Each library should be full path to object file.
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ if(WITH_MKLML AND MKLML_INC_DIR AND MKLML_LIB)
set(CBLAS_INC_DIR ${MKLML_INC_DIR})
set(CBLAS_LIBRARIES ${MKLML_LIB})
- add_definitions(-DPADDLE_USE_MKLML)
+ add_definitions(-DPADDLE_WITH_MKLML)
add_definitions(-DLAPACK_FOUND)
message(STATUS "Found cblas and lapack in MKLML "
@@ -25,42 +25,6 @@ if(WITH_MKLML AND MKLML_INC_DIR AND MKLML_LIB)
return()
endif()
-## Then find atlas.
-set(ATLAS_ROOT $ENV{ATLAS_ROOT} CACHE PATH "Folder contains Atlas")
-set(ATLAS_INCLUDE_SEARCH_PATHS
- ${ATLAS_ROOT}/include
- /usr/include
- /usr/include/atlas)
-set(ATLAS_LIB_SEARCH_PATHS
- ${ATLAS_ROOT}/lib
- /usr/lib
- /usr/lib/blas/atlas
- /usr/lib/atlas
- /usr/lib/atlas-base # special for ubuntu 14.04.
- )
-find_path(ATLAS_INC_DIR NAMES cblas.h
- PATHS ${ATLAS_INCLUDE_SEARCH_PATHS})
-find_path(ATLAS_CLAPACK_INC_DIR NAMES clapack.h
- PATHS ${ATLAS_INCLUDE_SEARCH_PATHS})
-find_library(ATLAS_CBLAS_LIB NAMES cblas libcblas.so.3
- PATHS ${ATLAS_LIB_SEARCH_PATHS})
-find_library(ATLAS_CLAPACK_LIB NAMES lapack_atlas liblapack_atlas.so.3
- PATHS ${ATLAS_LIB_SEARCH_PATHS})
-
-if(ATLAS_CLAPACK_INC_DIR AND ATLAS_INC_DIR AND ATLAS_CBLAS_LIB AND ATLAS_CLAPACK_LIB)
- set(CBLAS_FOUND ON)
- set(CBLAS_PROVIDER ATLAS)
- set(CBLAS_INC_DIR ${ATLAS_INC_DIR} ${ATLAS_CLAPACK_INC_DIR})
- set(CBLAS_LIBRARIES ${ATLAS_CLAPACK_LIB} ${ATLAS_CBLAS_LIB})
-
- add_definitions(-DPADDLE_USE_ATLAS)
- add_definitions(-DLAPACK_FOUND)
-
- message(STATUS "Found ATLAS (include: ${ATLAS_INC_DIR}, library: ${CBLAS_LIBRARIES})")
- message(STATUS "Found lapack in ATLAS (include: ${ATLAS_CLAPACK_INC_DIR})")
- return()
-endif()
-
## Then find openblas.
set(OPENBLAS_ROOT $ENV{OPENBLAS_ROOT} CACHE PATH "Folder contains Openblas")
set(OPENBLAS_INCLUDE_SEARCH_PATHS
diff --git a/cmake/external/eigen.cmake b/cmake/external/eigen.cmake
index 96fc886a34..c4712f19eb 100644
--- a/cmake/external/eigen.cmake
+++ b/cmake/external/eigen.cmake
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ ExternalProject_Add(
if (${CMAKE_VERSION} VERSION_LESS "3.3.0")
set(dummyfile ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/eigen3_dummy.c)
- file(WRITE ${dummyfile} "const char * dummy_eigen3 = \"${dummyfile}\";")
+ file(WRITE ${dummyfile} "const char *dummy_eigen3 = \"${dummyfile}\";")
add_library(eigen3 STATIC ${dummyfile})
else()
add_library(eigen3 INTERFACE)
diff --git a/cmake/external/grpc.cmake b/cmake/external/grpc.cmake
index abee6698e3..79b2449fe6 100644
--- a/cmake/external/grpc.cmake
+++ b/cmake/external/grpc.cmake
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ ExternalProject_Add(
extern_grpc
DEPENDS protobuf zlib
GIT_REPOSITORY "https://github.com/grpc/grpc.git"
- GIT_TAG "v1.7.x"
+ GIT_TAG "v1.8.x"
PREFIX ${GRPC_SOURCES_DIR}
UPDATE_COMMAND ""
CONFIGURE_COMMAND ""
diff --git a/cmake/external/mkldnn.cmake b/cmake/external/mkldnn.cmake
index fc52d339d7..89fc34796a 100644
--- a/cmake/external/mkldnn.cmake
+++ b/cmake/external/mkldnn.cmake
@@ -63,9 +63,30 @@ ExternalProject_Add(
-DMKLROOT:PATH=${MKLML_ROOT}
)
-ADD_LIBRARY(mkldnn SHARED IMPORTED GLOBAL)
-SET_PROPERTY(TARGET mkldnn PROPERTY IMPORTED_LOCATION ${MKLDNN_LIB})
-ADD_DEPENDENCIES(mkldnn ${MKLDNN_PROJECT})
+ADD_LIBRARY(shared_mkldnn SHARED IMPORTED GLOBAL)
+SET_PROPERTY(TARGET shared_mkldnn PROPERTY IMPORTED_LOCATION ${MKLDNN_LIB})
+ADD_DEPENDENCIES(shared_mkldnn ${MKLDNN_PROJECT})
MESSAGE(STATUS "MKLDNN library: ${MKLDNN_LIB}")
-add_definitions(-DPADDLE_USE_MKLDNN)
-LIST(APPEND external_project_dependencies mkldnn)
+add_definitions(-DPADDLE_WITH_MKLDNN)
+LIST(APPEND external_project_dependencies shared_mkldnn)
+
+# generate a static dummy target to track mkldnn dependencies
+# for cc_library(xxx SRCS xxx.c DEPS mkldnn)
+SET(dummyfile ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/mkldnn_dummy.c)
+FILE(WRITE ${dummyfile} "const char * dummy = \"${dummyfile}\";")
+ADD_LIBRARY(mkldnn STATIC ${dummyfile})
+TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(mkldnn ${MKLDNN_LIB} ${MKLML_LIB} ${MKLML_IOMP_LIB})
+ADD_DEPENDENCIES(mkldnn ${MKLDNN_PROJECT})
+
+# copy the real so.0 lib to install dir
+# it can be directly contained in wheel or capi
+SET(MKLDNN_SHARED_LIB ${MKLDNN_INSTALL_DIR}/libmkldnn.so.0)
+ADD_CUSTOM_COMMAND(OUTPUT ${MKLDNN_SHARED_LIB}
+ COMMAND cp ${MKLDNN_LIB} ${MKLDNN_SHARED_LIB}
+ DEPENDS mkldnn)
+ADD_CUSTOM_TARGET(mkldnn_shared_lib ALL DEPENDS ${MKLDNN_SHARED_LIB})
+
+IF(WITH_C_API)
+ INSTALL(FILES ${MKLDNN_SHARED_LIB} DESTINATION lib)
+ENDIF()
+
diff --git a/cmake/external/mklml.cmake b/cmake/external/mklml.cmake
index 20dbc32a73..15a07ea3da 100644
--- a/cmake/external/mklml.cmake
+++ b/cmake/external/mklml.cmake
@@ -66,3 +66,7 @@ ADD_LIBRARY(mklml SHARED IMPORTED GLOBAL)
SET_PROPERTY(TARGET mklml PROPERTY IMPORTED_LOCATION ${MKLML_LIB})
ADD_DEPENDENCIES(mklml ${MKLML_PROJECT})
LIST(APPEND external_project_dependencies mklml)
+
+IF(WITH_C_API)
+ INSTALL(FILES ${MKLML_LIB} ${MKLML_IOMP_LIB} DESTINATION lib)
+ENDIF()
diff --git a/cmake/external/openblas.cmake b/cmake/external/openblas.cmake
index 97857a686b..0e79c0cc79 100644
--- a/cmake/external/openblas.cmake
+++ b/cmake/external/openblas.cmake
@@ -30,23 +30,21 @@ IF(NOT ${CBLAS_FOUND})
CACHE FILEPATH "openblas library." FORCE)
SET(OPENBLAS_CC "${CMAKE_C_COMPILER} -Wno-unused-but-set-variable -Wno-unused-variable")
+ SET(OPENBLAS_COMMIT "v0.2.20")
IF(CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING)
SET(OPTIONAL_ARGS HOSTCC=${HOST_C_COMPILER})
GET_FILENAME_COMPONENT(CROSS_SUFFIX ${CMAKE_C_COMPILER} DIRECTORY)
SET(CROSS_SUFFIX ${CROSS_SUFFIX}/)
IF(ANDROID)
- # arm_soft_fp_abi branch of OpenBLAS to support softfp
- # https://github.com/xianyi/OpenBLAS/tree/arm_soft_fp_abi
- SET(OPENBLAS_COMMIT "b5c96fcfcdc82945502a2303116a64d89985daf5")
IF(ANDROID_ABI MATCHES "^armeabi(-v7a)?$")
+ # use softfp
SET(OPTIONAL_ARGS ${OPTIONAL_ARGS} TARGET=ARMV7 ARM_SOFTFP_ABI=1 USE_THREAD=0)
ELSEIF(ANDROID_ABI STREQUAL "arm64-v8a")
SET(OPTIONAL_ARGS ${OPTIONAL_ARGS} TARGET=ARMV8 BINARY=64 USE_THREAD=0)
ENDIF()
ELSEIF(IOS)
IF(CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES MATCHES "arm64")
- SET(OPENBLAS_COMMIT "b5c96fcfcdc82945502a2303116a64d89985daf5")
SET(OPENBLAS_CC "${OPENBLAS_CC} ${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -isysroot ${CMAKE_OSX_SYSROOT}")
SET(OPENBLAS_CC "${OPENBLAS_CC} -arch arm64")
SET(OPTIONAL_ARGS ${OPTIONAL_ARGS} TARGET=ARMV8 BINARY=64 USE_THREAD=0 CROSS_SUFFIX=${CROSS_SUFFIX})
@@ -56,14 +54,12 @@ IF(NOT ${CBLAS_FOUND})
ENDIF()
ELSEIF(RPI)
# use hardfp
- SET(OPENBLAS_COMMIT "v0.2.20")
SET(OPTIONAL_ARGS ${OPTIONAL_ARGS} TARGET=ARMV7 USE_THREAD=0)
ENDIF()
ELSE()
IF(APPLE)
SET(OPENBLAS_CC "${CMAKE_C_COMPILER} -isysroot ${CMAKE_OSX_SYSROOT}")
ENDIF()
- SET(OPENBLAS_COMMIT "v0.2.20")
SET(OPTIONAL_ARGS "")
IF(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR MATCHES "^x86(_64)?$")
SET(OPTIONAL_ARGS DYNAMIC_ARCH=1 NUM_THREADS=64)
@@ -113,7 +109,7 @@ INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(${CBLAS_INC_DIR})
# FIXME(gangliao): generate cblas target to track all high performance
# linear algebra libraries for cc_library(xxx SRCS xxx.c DEPS cblas)
SET(dummyfile ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/cblas_dummy.c)
-FILE(WRITE ${dummyfile} "const char * dummy = \"${dummyfile}\";")
+FILE(WRITE ${dummyfile} "const char *dummy_cblas = \"${dummyfile}\";")
ADD_LIBRARY(cblas STATIC ${dummyfile})
TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(cblas ${CBLAS_LIBRARIES})
diff --git a/cmake/external/protobuf.cmake b/cmake/external/protobuf.cmake
index fab2af362b..ff5855052d 100644
--- a/cmake/external/protobuf.cmake
+++ b/cmake/external/protobuf.cmake
@@ -253,9 +253,9 @@ IF(NOT PROTOBUF_FOUND)
IF(WITH_C_API)
INSTALL(DIRECTORY ${PROTOBUF_INCLUDE_DIR} DESTINATION third_party/protobuf)
IF(ANDROID)
- INSTALL(FILES ${PROTOBUF_LIBRARY} DESTINATION third_party/protobuf/lib/${ANDROID_ABI})
+ INSTALL(FILES ${PROTOBUF_LITE_LIBRARY} DESTINATION third_party/protobuf/lib/${ANDROID_ABI})
ELSE()
- INSTALL(FILES ${PROTOBUF_LIBRARY} DESTINATION third_party/protobuf/lib)
+ INSTALL(FILES ${PROTOBUF_LITE_LIBRARY} DESTINATION third_party/protobuf/lib)
ENDIF()
ENDIF()
diff --git a/cmake/external/warpctc.cmake b/cmake/external/warpctc.cmake
index a8e1aca49c..7cb4efa7bf 100644
--- a/cmake/external/warpctc.cmake
+++ b/cmake/external/warpctc.cmake
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ ExternalProject_Add(
MESSAGE(STATUS "warp-ctc library: ${WARPCTC_LIBRARIES}")
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(${WARPCTC_INCLUDE_DIR})
-ADD_LIBRARY(warpctc STATIC IMPORTED GLOBAL)
+ADD_LIBRARY(warpctc SHARED IMPORTED GLOBAL)
SET_PROPERTY(TARGET warpctc PROPERTY IMPORTED_LOCATION ${WARPCTC_LIBRARIES})
ADD_DEPENDENCIES(warpctc extern_warpctc)
diff --git a/cmake/generic.cmake b/cmake/generic.cmake
index 66c8e3ad7e..585db019d5 100644
--- a/cmake/generic.cmake
+++ b/cmake/generic.cmake
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ function(merge_static_libs TARGET_NAME)
DEPENDS ${libs})
# Generate dummy staic lib
- file(WRITE ${target_SRCS} "const char *dummy = \"${target_SRCS}\";")
+ file(WRITE ${target_SRCS} "const char *dummy_${TARGET_NAME} = \"${target_SRCS}\";")
add_library(${TARGET_NAME} STATIC ${target_SRCS})
target_link_libraries(${TARGET_NAME} ${libs_deps})
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ function(merge_static_libs TARGET_NAME)
DEPENDS ${libs} ${target_OBJS})
# Generate dummy staic lib
- file(WRITE ${target_SRCS} "const char *dummy = \"${target_SRCS}\";")
+ file(WRITE ${target_SRCS} "const char *dummy_${TARGET_NAME} = \"${target_SRCS}\";")
add_library(${TARGET_NAME} STATIC ${target_SRCS})
target_link_libraries(${TARGET_NAME} ${libs_deps})
@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ function(go_library TARGET_NAME)
)
# Add dummy code to support `make target_name` under Terminal Command
- file(WRITE ${dummyfile} "const char * dummy = \"${dummyfile}\";")
+ file(WRITE ${dummyfile} "const char *dummy_${TARGET_NAME} = \"${dummyfile}\";")
if (go_library_SHARED OR go_library_shared)
add_library(${TARGET_NAME} SHARED ${dummyfile})
else()
diff --git a/cmake/make_resource.py b/cmake/make_resource.py
index a9241b0e3e..d71e82eca2 100644
--- a/cmake/make_resource.py
+++ b/cmake/make_resource.py
@@ -1,3 +1,16 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2018 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
+#
+#Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#limitations under the License.
import os
import re
import sys
diff --git a/doc/api/index_cn.rst b/doc/api/index_cn.rst
index 9be0b370ee..84f9097a6c 100644
--- a/doc/api/index_cn.rst
+++ b/doc/api/index_cn.rst
@@ -7,3 +7,4 @@ API
模型配置 
-The major components in the architecture are: *PaddlePaddle Python*, *PaddlePaddle converter* and *PaddlePaddle runtime*.
+The major components are: *Python API*, *Distribute Transpiler* and *Remote Executor*.
-### PaddlePaddle Python
+### Python API
-PaddlePaddle Python is the Python library that user's Python code invokes, to read the data. build the neural network topology, start training, etc.
+Python API is the Python library that user's Python code invokes, to read the data, build the neural network topology, and start training, etc.
```Python
-paddle.init()
-input = paddle.op.recordIO("/home/data/mnist.recordio") # file stored on the cluster
-img, label = input[0], input[1]
-hidden = paddle.layer.fc(input=img, size=200, act=paddle.activation.Tanh())
-prediction = paddle.layer.fc(input=img, size=10, act=paddle.activation.Softmax())
-cost = paddle.layer.classification_cost(input=prediction, label=label)
-optimizer = paddle.optimizer.SGD(cost, learning_rate=0.01)
-session = paddle.session.NewRemote(num_trainer=3, num_ps=2, GPU_per_trainer=1)
-for i in range(1000):
- _, cost_val = session.eval(targets=[cost, optimizer])
- print cost_val
+images = fluid.layers.data(name='pixel', shape=[1, 28, 28], dtype='float32')
+label = fluid.layers.data(name='label', shape=[1], dtype='int64')
+...
+predict = fluid.layers.fc(input=conv_pool_2, size=10, act="softmax")
+cost = fluid.layers.cross_entropy(input=predict, label=label)
+avg_cost = fluid.layers.mean(x=cost)
+optimizer = fluid.optimizer.Adam(learning_rate=0.01)
+optimizer.minimize(avg_cost)
+
+train_reader = paddle.batch(
+ paddle.reader.shuffle(
+ paddle.dataset.mnist.train(), buf_size=500),
+ batch_size=BATCH_SIZE)
+
+place = fluid.CPUPlace()
+exe = fluid.Executor(place)
+
+for pass_id in range(10):
+ for data in train_reader():
+ loss, acc = exe.run(trainer_prog,
+ feed=feeder.feed(data),
+ fetch_list=[avg_cost])
```
-The above code is what a typical Python trainer code is, the neural network topology is built using the helper functions such as `paddle.layer.fc`. Training is done by calling `session.eval` iteratively.
-
-#### session.eval
-
-As shown in the graph, `session.eval` sends the IR and the evaluation inputs or targets to the PaddlePaddle cluster for evaluation.
-The targets can be any variable in the computation graph. When the target is say, the `optimizer` variable, the neural network will be optimized once. When the target is the `cost` variable, `session.eval` returns the cost value. Based on what the target is, an appropriate action is taken.
-
-The Python `session` is a wrapper of the C++ `Session` class. For more information about `Session`, refer to this document - [Design Doc: Session](./session.md).
-
-### PaddlePaddle Converter
-
-The PaddlePaddle converter automatically converts the IR in the request (IR and evaluation inputs/targets) from PaddlePaddle Python to partitioned IRs and dispatches the new IRs and evaluation inputs/targets to different PaddlePaddle runtimes. Below are the steps that are followed :
-
-1. Add a `feed` OP that feeds the eval inputs, and a `fetch` OP that fetches the eval targets to the IR.
-
-2. Extract a new computation (sub)graph with the `feed` and `fetch` OPs as the boundary. The runtime does not need to run the OP that is not dependent on the `fetch` OP.
-
-3. Optimize the computation graph.
-
-4. Place the OPs in the graph onto different devices on different PaddlePaddle runtime according to a placement algorithm and the device constraints specified by the user.
-
-5. Partition the graph according to runtime boundaries and add `send` / `recv` OP pair on the runtime boundaries.
+The code above is a typical local training program, the "Training Program" is built using helper functions such as
+`fluid.layer.fc`. The training is done by calling `Executor.run`
+iteratively.
+
+For more details, the implementation of IR is [Program](../program.md), and `ProgramDesc` is the protobuf type.
+
+[Executor](../executor.md) simply runs the `ProgramDesc`. For local training you generally use
+`Executor` to run the program locally. For any kind of distributed training, you can use
+`RemoteExecutor` to specify desired distributed training method with some optional arguments.
+
+### Distributed Transpiler
+
+The Distributed Transpiler automatically converts the IR (in protobuf format) to partitioned IRs. Then
+the Remote Executor dispatches the new IRs to Remote Executors across the cluster.
+Below are the steps that are followed :
+
+1. User only need to change `Executor` to `RemoteExecutor` to change local program to distributed program.
+1. `RemoteExecutor` calls `Distributed Transpiler` to "transpile" user's program to several IRs representing a
+ distributed training program:
+ 1. Parse configurations from `RemoteExecutor`.
+ 1. Determine the type of distributed program, can be DataParallelism, ModelParallelism or Streaming.
+ 1. Partition the `ProgramDesc` according to type and add `send` / `recv` OP pair on the boundaries. Take
+ DataParallelism type for example, it removes the optimization operators and add a `send` OP to the
+ "trainer" role, then add the optimization operators to the parameter server role within the `recv` OP.
+1. Dispatch the partitioned graph to different `RemoteExecutor` in the cluster.
+1. `RemoteExecutor` on each node run the received `ProgramDesc` utill the end.
+
+
+### RemoteExecutor
+
+As shown in the graph, `RemoteExecutor.run` sends the IR to the cluster for Execution.
+You can also use parameter `fetch_list` to interactively fetch variable back to local for
+log printing.
+
+The Python `RemoteExecutor` is derived from `Executor` class.
+
+```python
+exe = RemoteExecutor(
+ feed=feeder.feed(data),
+ fetch_list=[avg_cost],
+ job_desc=JobDesc(
+ jobname,
+ num_trainer,
+ num_pserver,
+ cpu_per_trainer,
+ gpu_per_trainer,
+ mem_per_trainer,
+ cpu_per_pserver,
+ mem_per_pserver
+ ))
+for data in train_reader():
+ loss, acc = exe.run(trainer_prog,
+ feed=feeder.feed(data),
+ fetch_list=[avg_cost])
+```
-6. Dispatch the partitioned graph to different PaddlePaddle runtimes.
+`JobDesc` object describe the distributed job resource specification to run on
+Cluster environment.
-7. PaddlePaddle runtimes with the `fetch` OP reports evaluation results back to the converter, the converter reports the evaluation results back to the PaddlePaddle Python.
+
-The output IRs will be cached to optimize the conversion latency.
+`RemoteExecutor.run` sends the `ProgramDesc` and
+[TrainingJob](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/cloud/blob/develop/doc/autoscale/README.md#training-job-resource)
+to a server in the cluster which executes `RemoteExecutor.listen`. This server is responsible
+to start the final Kubernetes Jobs to run the different role of `ProgramDesc`.
-#### Placement Algorithm
+### Placement Algorithm
Our first implementation will only support "trainer-parameter server" placement: the parameters, initializers, and optimizers are all placed on the PaddlePaddle runtimes with the parameter server role. Everything else will be placed on the PaddlePaddle runtimes with the trainer role. This has the same functionality as the "trainer-parameter server" architecture of PaddlePaddle v0.10.0, but is more generic and flexible.
In the future, a more general placement algorithm should be implemented, which makes placements according to the input IR, and a model of device computation time and device communication time. Model parallelism requires the generic placement algorithm.
-### PaddlePaddle Runtime
-
-The PaddlePaddle runtime owns multiple devices (e.g., CPUs, GPUs) and runs the IR. The runtime does not need to do OP placement since it is already done by the converter.
-
-
### Local Training Architecture
The local training architecture will be the same as the distributed training architecture, the difference is that everything runs locally, and there is just one PaddlePaddle runtime:
@@ -132,9 +176,18 @@ The local training architecture will be the same as the distributed training arc
### Training Data
-In PaddlePaddle v0.10.0, training data is typically read with a [data reader](../reader/README.md) from Python. This approach is no longer efficient when training in a distributed fashion since the Python process no longer runs on the same node with the trainer processes. The Python reader will need to read from the distributed filesystem (assuming it has the required access) and send to the trainers, doubling the network traffic.
-
-When doing distributed training, the user can still use Python data reader: the training data are sent with `session.eval`. However this should be used for debugging purpose only. The users are encouraged to use the read data OPs.
+In PaddlePaddle v0.10.0, training data is typically read
+with [data reader](../reader/README.md) from Python. This approach is
+no longer efficient when training distributedly since the Python
+process no longer runs on the same node with the trainer processes,
+the Python reader will need to read from the distributed filesystem
+(assuming it has the access) and send to the trainers, doubling the
+network traffic.
+
+When doing distributed training, the user can still use Python data
+reader: the training data are sent with `Executor.run`. However, should
+be used for debugging purpose only. The users are encouraged to use
+the read data OPs.
## References:
diff --git a/doc/design/dist_refactor/multi_cpu.md b/doc/design/dist_refactor/multi_cpu.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a8d8ee0422
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/design/dist_refactor/multi_cpu.md
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# Design Doc: Execute the Program with Multi CPU
+
+## Abstract
+
+This Design Doc propose an approach to make the user-defined Op graph
+running with multi-CPU, we will use an auto transpiler to convert the user-defined
+Op graph to a multi-CPU Op graph, and run `ParallelDo` Op to run the graph.
+
+## Transpiler
+
+
+
+After converted:
+
+
+
+## Implement
+
+- `Multi-CPU Transpiler` will convert the graph to a multi-CPU graph
+ which would be executed with multi-threads.
+- `BlockingCounter` will `Init/Decrement` an atomic counter, and Blocking `Wait`
+ for the atomic counter become `0`:
+ ```cpp
+ BlockingCounter bc(thread_count);
+ for (int i = 0; i < thread_count; ++i) {
+ thread_pool->Start([&bc] {bc.DecrementCount(); })
+ }
+ bc.Wait();
+ ```
+- `ParallelDo` Operator
+ - Initialize a thread pool which is a Singleton.
+ - Use a block id as the input, and create run the specify Block on independent scope
+ with multi-threads.
+ - Initialize a `BlockingCounter` instance and wait until all threads are done.
+- `Split` Operator will split the Input Tensor into a TensorArray.
+- `Merge` merge all the gradients which calculated in different threads
+ with `mean/sum/max/min...` method, and then run the Optimizer Op to optimize `W`.
+
+## TODO
+
+- Improve the optimizer stage with multi-threads, since we could
+ assign the parameters to the different threads and execute
+ optimizer with multi-threads.
diff --git a/doc/design/refactor/parameter_server.md b/doc/design/dist_refactor/parameter_server.md
similarity index 76%
rename from doc/design/refactor/parameter_server.md
rename to doc/design/dist_refactor/parameter_server.md
index fa3c5d7990..1094f06d46 100644
--- a/doc/design/refactor/parameter_server.md
+++ b/doc/design/dist_refactor/parameter_server.md
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Design Doc: Operation Graph Based Parameter Server
+# Design Doc: Parameter Server
## Abstract
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ different purposes.
## Background
The previous implementations of the parameter server does not run a
-subgraph. parameter initialization, optimizer computation, network
+fluid sub-program. Parameter initialization, optimizer computation, network
communication and checkpointing are implemented twice on both the
trainer and the parameter server.
@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@ server becomes a natural extension.
## Design
-### Graph Converter
+### Distributed Transpiler
-The *graph converter* converts the user-defined operation (OP) graph
-into subgraphs to be scheduled on different nodes with the following
+The *Distributed Transpiler* converts the user-defined fluid program
+into sub-programs to be scheduled on different nodes with the following
steps:
1. OP placement: the OPs will be placed on different nodes according
@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@ steps:
time. Currently we will use a simple heuristic that puts parameter
varable on parameter server workers and everything else on trainer
workers.
-
1. Add communication OPs to enable the communication between nodes.
We will need these OPs: *Send*, *Recv*, *Enqueue*, *Dequeue*.
@@ -48,8 +47,8 @@ After converting:
-1. The parameter variable W and it's optimizer subgraph are placed on the parameter server.
-1. Operators are added to the subgraphs.
+1. The parameter variable W and it's optimizer program are placed on the parameter server.
+1. Operators are added to the program.
- *Send* sends data to the connected *Recv* operator. The
scheduler on the receive node will only schedule *Recv* operator
to run when the *Send* operator has ran (the *Send* OP will mark
@@ -64,39 +63,30 @@ After converting:
### Benefits
- Model parallelism become easier to implement: it's an extension to
- the trainer - parameter server approach. we already have the
- communication OPs, but need to extend the graph converter's
- placement functionality.
-
+ the trainer - parameter server approach. We can have several "Transpilers"
+ to achieve different goals.
- User-defined optimizer is easier to add - user can now express it as
- a subgraph.
-
+ a sub-program.
- No more duplication logic inside the trainer and the parameter
server mentioned in the background section.
### Challenges
-- It might be hard for the graph converter to cut a general graph
- (without any hint for which subgraph is the optimizer). We may need
- to label which subgraph inside the OP graph is the optimizer.
-
- It's important to balance the parameter shards of on multiple
parameter server. If a single parameter is very big (some
word-embedding, fully connected, softmax layer), we need to
automatically partition the single parameter onto different
parameter servers when possible (only element-wise optimizer depends
on the parameter variable).
+- In the "Aync SGD" figure, the "W" variable on the parameter server
+ could be read and wrote concurrently. See
+ [here](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/pull/6394) for more
+ details about concurrent program in fluid.
### Discussion
-- In the "Aync SGD" figure, the "W" variable on the parameter server
- could be read and wrote concurrently, what is our locking strategy?
- E.g., each variable have a lock cpp method to be invoked by every
- OP, or, have a lock OP.
-
- Can the Enqueue OP be implemented under our current tensor design
(puts the input tensor into the queue tensor)?
-
- *Dequeue* OP will have variable numbers of output (depends on the
`min_count` attribute), does our current design support it? (similar
question for the *Add* OP)
diff --git a/doc/design/refactor/src/compiler.graffle b/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/compiler.graffle
similarity index 100%
rename from doc/design/refactor/src/compiler.graffle
rename to doc/design/dist_refactor/src/compiler.graffle
diff --git a/doc/design/refactor/src/compiler.png b/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/compiler.png
similarity index 100%
rename from doc/design/refactor/src/compiler.png
rename to doc/design/dist_refactor/src/compiler.png
diff --git a/doc/design/refactor/src/dist-graph.graffle b/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/dist-graph.graffle
similarity index 100%
rename from doc/design/refactor/src/dist-graph.graffle
rename to doc/design/dist_refactor/src/dist-graph.graffle
diff --git a/doc/design/refactor/src/dist-graph.png b/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/dist-graph.png
similarity index 100%
rename from doc/design/refactor/src/dist-graph.png
rename to doc/design/dist_refactor/src/dist-graph.png
diff --git a/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/distributed_architecture.graffle b/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/distributed_architecture.graffle
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d1b6014134
Binary files /dev/null and b/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/distributed_architecture.graffle differ
diff --git a/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/distributed_architecture.png b/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/distributed_architecture.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..29c7b0c078
Binary files /dev/null and b/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/distributed_architecture.png differ
diff --git a/doc/design/refactor/src/local-graph.graffle b/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/local-graph.graffle
similarity index 100%
rename from doc/design/refactor/src/local-graph.graffle
rename to doc/design/dist_refactor/src/local-graph.graffle
diff --git a/doc/design/refactor/src/local-graph.png b/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/local-graph.png
similarity index 100%
rename from doc/design/refactor/src/local-graph.png
rename to doc/design/dist_refactor/src/local-graph.png
diff --git a/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/local_architecture.graffle b/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/local_architecture.graffle
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..49fcc663eb
Binary files /dev/null and b/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/local_architecture.graffle differ
diff --git a/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/local_architecture.png b/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/local_architecture.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..14adc9fd72
Binary files /dev/null and b/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/local_architecture.png differ
diff --git a/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/multi-threads.graffle b/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/multi-threads.graffle
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e71173715f
Binary files /dev/null and b/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/multi-threads.graffle differ
diff --git a/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/multi-threads/multi-threads@3x.png b/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/multi-threads/multi-threads@3x.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e40a869987
Binary files /dev/null and b/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/multi-threads/multi-threads@3x.png differ
diff --git a/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/multi-threads/single-thread@3x.png b/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/multi-threads/single-thread@3x.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4083aebfdd
Binary files /dev/null and b/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/multi-threads/single-thread@3x.png differ
diff --git a/doc/design/refactor/src/paddle-compile.graffle b/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/paddle-compile.graffle
similarity index 100%
rename from doc/design/refactor/src/paddle-compile.graffle
rename to doc/design/dist_refactor/src/paddle-compile.graffle
diff --git a/doc/design/refactor/src/paddle-compile.png b/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/paddle-compile.png
similarity index 100%
rename from doc/design/refactor/src/paddle-compile.png
rename to doc/design/dist_refactor/src/paddle-compile.png
diff --git a/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/remote_executor.graffle b/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/remote_executor.graffle
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ce2c18fee5
Binary files /dev/null and b/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/remote_executor.graffle differ
diff --git a/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/remote_executor.png b/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/remote_executor.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6be4b1841b
Binary files /dev/null and b/doc/design/dist_refactor/src/remote_executor.png differ
diff --git a/doc/design/error_clip.md b/doc/design/error_clip.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..58aa73b8cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/design/error_clip.md
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+# Error Clip
+
+## Overview
+
+Error clip is widely used in model training to prevent gradient exploding. It takes some specific rules to adjust variables' gradients and prevent them from being too large. With it, values of a gradient will be checked before they are taken by the next `grad_op` and be shrunk if necessary.
+## Usage
+
+Users are allowed to assign different error clip methods or attributes to different `Variable`s. Users can specify it as a parameter of `Variable`'s constructor:
+
+```python
+var = framework.Variable(..., error_clip=myErrorClip, ...)
+```
+
+The default value of `error_clip` is `None`, which means no error clip is employed. When it's not `None`, it should take an object of `BaseErrorClipAttr`'s derived class. So far, `BaseErrorClipAttr` has only one derived class: `ErrorClipByValue`, whose constructor is:
+
+```python
+ErrorClipByValue(max, min=None)
+```
+
+`max` and `min` represent the maximal and minimal clip threshold respectively. In backward pass, all values of `var`'s gradient greater than `max` or less than `min` will be clipped to `max` and `min` respectively. When the `min` is None, the minimal threshold will be assigned with `-max` automatically.
+
+So we can enable the error clip with threshold `[-5.0, 5.0]` for variable `var` by:
+
+```python
+var = framework.Variable(..., error_clip=ErrorClipByValue(max=5.0), ...)
+```
+
+## Implementation
+
+The `BaseErrorClipAttr` and its derived class `ErrorClipByValue` are defined in *clip.py*.
+
+```python
+class BaseErrorClipAttr(object):
+ def append_clip_op(self, block, grad_name):
+ raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class ErrorClipByValue(BaseErrorClipAttr):
+ def __init__(self, max, min=None):
+ max = float(max)
+ if min is None:
+ min = -max
+ else:
+ min = float(min)
+ self.max = max
+ self.min = min
+
+ def append_clip_op(self, block, grad_name):
+ clip_op_desc = block.desc.append_op()
+ clip_op_desc.set_type("clip")
+ clip_op_desc.set_input("X", [grad_name])
+ clip_op_desc.set_output("Out", [grad_name])
+ clip_op_desc.set_attr("min", self.min)
+ clip_op_desc.set_attr("max", self.max)
+```
+
+The `BaseErrorClipAttr` have one main member functions: `append_clip_op(self, block, grad_name)`.
+
+This function is used to create a `clip_op` and append it to the end of given `block`. For different error clip algorithm require different `clip_op`, the function is defined as virtual in the base class. All derived classes must implement their own versions of this function.
+
+These `clip_op`s should be inserted after `grad_op`s whose output gradients need to be clipped. It is equivalent to appending some `clip_op`s to the end of the target block every time a new `grad_op` is added.
+
+```python
+for op_desc in grad_op_descs:
+ new_op_desc = target_block.desc.append_op()
+ new_op_desc.copy_from(op_desc)
+ callback(block=target_block, context=grad_to_var)
+```
+
+Here we employ a callback function to complete this kind of jobs. In `_append_backward_ops_` function, each time after a `grad_op` is added to the `target_block`, a callback function is invoked. The logic of `clip_op` appending can be implemented inside the callback function.
+
+The callback function for `clip_op` appending is defined in *clip.py*:
+
+```python
+def error_clip_callback(block, context):
+ # the context is a grad_to_var map
+ grad_to_var = context
+ op_desc = block.desc.op(block.desc.op_size() - 1)
+ for grad_n in filter(lambda n: grad_to_var.has_key(n),
+ op_desc.output_arg_names()):
+ fwd_var = block.var_recursive(grad_to_var[grad_n])
+ error_clip = getattr(fwd_var, "error_clip", None)
+ if not (error_clip is None or isinstance(error_clip,
+ BaseErrorClipAttr)):
+ raise TypeError(
+ "Variable's error_clip should be an instance of BaseErrorClipAttr or None."
+ )
+ if error_clip is not None:
+ error_clip.append_clip_op(block, grad_n)
+```
+
+This function takes a `block` and a `context`(which is actually a grad\_to\_var map) as inputs. It checks each output of the last `OpDesc` in the `block`. Notice that the last `OpDesc` of the `block` must be a `grad_op` and its outputs must be some forward variables' gradients. If an output gradient's corresponding forward variable has an attribute of `error_clip`, `error_clip_callback` will call the `error_clip`'s `append_clip_op` function to append the required `clip_op` into the `block`.
diff --git a/doc/design/executor.md b/doc/design/executor.md
index b5fb6c5c3c..2d4b371cc5 100644
--- a/doc/design/executor.md
+++ b/doc/design/executor.md
@@ -1,23 +1,29 @@
# Executor Design Doc
## Motivation
+In [fluid](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/doc/design/fluid.md), we encourage the user to use deep learning programming paradigms to describe the training process. When the user-written Python program is executed, it will first create a protobuf message
+[`ProgramDesc`](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/a91efdde6910ce92a78e3aa7157412c4c88d9ee8/paddle/framework/framework.proto#L145) that describes the process and is conceptually like an [abstract syntax tree](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_syntax_tree).
-We use executor to do the runtime evaluation of a `ProgramDesc`.
+The executor runs the `ProgramDesc` like an interpreter. `ProgramDesc` contains the intrinsics (operators in this case) and variables which will be used, executor explicitly executes the stored precompiled code.
## Overview
-An executor takes a `ProgramDesc`, a `block_id` and a `Scope`. The `ProgramDesc` is a list of blocks and each block contains the protobuf definition of all the parameters and operators. The `block_id` specifies the entrance block. And the `Scope` is the container of all the variable instance, which is persistent throughout different runs.
+An executor takes a `ProgramDesc`, a `block_id` and a `Scope`. The `ProgramDesc` is a list of blocks and each block contains the protobuf definition of all the parameters and operators in the block. The `block_id` specifies the entrance block. And the `Scope` is the container of all the variable instances, which is persistent throughout different runs.
-### What does executor do?
+## Executor
-It evaluates all the operators in the `block_id`th block of a `ProgramDesc`.
+The `Executor` explicitly executes all the intrinsics (operators here) in the `block_id`th block of a `ProgramDesc`. Essentially, it instantiates Variables and Operators, then runs all the operators in sequence one-by-one.
+It is very similar to how a push stack frame works when entering a block, following which it cleans up all the temporary variables when a mini-batch is finished. It does not however, have the stack frame pop process.
-### What does executor NOT do?
+### The interface
+```c++
+ Executor(places);
+```
+A executor does not own any computing resources, a user can only construct an executor using the specified places.
-It does not do runtime optimization, meaning intelligently parse the dependency of each op a choose which one to be run and in which order they should be run.
+### Running an Executor
-It does not do graph partitioning, meaning dividing the `ProgramDesc` into several small pieces and executing them on different devices.
-
-## Implementation
-
-`Executor` evaluates a `ProgramDesc`. Essentially, it instantiates Variables and Operators, then run all the operators in sequence. [[code]](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/paddle/framework/executor.cc)
+```
+ void Run(ProgramDesc, Scope, block_id, create_local_scope);
+```
+An `Executor` only provides a unified way to execute `ProgramDesc`. `ProgramDesc` is the target that will be executed, the `Scope` specifies the variable container, the `block_id` indicates the entrance block and `create_local_scope` is a boolean that states whether it will destroy the temporary variables after the execution is finished.
diff --git a/doc/design/fluid-compiler.graffle b/doc/design/fluid-compiler.graffle
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c933df2cb8
Binary files /dev/null and b/doc/design/fluid-compiler.graffle differ
diff --git a/doc/design/fluid-compiler.png b/doc/design/fluid-compiler.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1b0ffed203
Binary files /dev/null and b/doc/design/fluid-compiler.png differ
diff --git a/doc/design/fluid.md b/doc/design/fluid.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..585dc8ef39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/design/fluid.md
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+# Design Doc: PaddlePaddle Fluid
+
+## Why Fluid
+
+When Baidu developed PaddlePaddle in 2013, the only well-known open source deep learning system at the time was Caffe. However, when PaddlePaddle was open-sourced in 2016, many other choices were available. There was a challenge -- what is the need for open sourcing yet another deep learning framework?
+
+Fluid is the answer. Fluid is similar to PyTorch and TensorFlow Eager Execution, which describes the "process" of training or inference using the concept of a model. In fact in PyTorch, TensorFlow Eager Execution and Fluid, there is no concept of a model at all. The details are covered in the sections below. Fluid is currently more extreme in the above mentioned idea than PyTorch and Eager Execution, and we are trying to push Fluid towards the directions of a compiler and a new programming language for deep learning.
+
+## The Evolution of Deep Learning Systems
+
+Deep learning infrastructure is one of the fastest evolving technologies. Within four years, there have already been three generations of technologies invented.
+
+| Existed since | model as sequence of layers | model as graph of operators | No model |
+|--|--|--|--|
+| 2013 | Caffe, Theano, Torch, PaddlePaddle | | |
+| 2015 | | TensorFlow, MxNet, Caffe2, ONNX, n-graph | |
+| 2016 | | | PyTorch, TensorFlow Eager Execution, PaddlePaddle Fluid |
+
+From the above table, we see that the deep learning technology is evolving towards getting rid of the concept of a model. To understand the reasons behind this direction, a comparison of the *programming paradigms* or the ways to program deep learning applications using these systems, would be helpful. The following section goes over these.
+
+## Deep Learning Programming Paradigms
+
+With the systems listed as the first or second generation, e.g., Caffe or TensorFlow, an AI application training program looks like the following:
+
+```python
+x = layer.data("image")
+l = layer.data("label")
+f = layer.fc(x, W)
+s = layer.softmax(f)
+c = layer.mse(l, s)
+
+for i in xrange(1000): # train for 1000 iterations
+ m = read_minibatch()
+ forward({input=x, data=m}, minimize=c)
+ backward(...)
+
+print W # print the trained model parameters.
+```
+
+The above program includes two parts:
+
+1. The first part describes the model, and
+2. The second part describes the training process (or inference process) for the model.
+
+This paradigm has a well-known problem that limits the productivity of programmers. If the programmer made a mistake in configuring the model, the error messages wouldn't show up until the second part is executed and `forward` and `backward` propagations are performed. This makes it difficult for the programmer to debug and locate a mistake that is located blocks away from the actual error prompt.
+
+This problem of being hard to debug and re-iterate fast on a program is the primary reason that programmers, in general, prefer PyTorch over the older systems. Using PyTorch, we would write the above program as following:
+
+```python
+W = tensor(...)
+
+for i in xrange(1000): # train for 1000 iterations
+ m = read_minibatch()
+ x = m["image"]
+ l = m["label"]
+ f = layer.fc(x, W)
+ s = layer.softmax(f)
+ c = layer.mse(l, s)
+ backward()
+
+print W # print the trained model parameters.
+```
+
+We can see that the main difference is the moving the model configuration part (the first step) into the training loop. This change would allow the mistakes in model configuration to be reported where they actually appear in the programming block. This change also represents the model better, or its forward pass, by keeping the configuration process in the training loop.
+
+## Describe Arbitrary Models for the Future
+
+Describing the process instead of the model also brings Fluid, the flexibility to define different non-standard models that haven't been invented yet.
+
+As we write out the program for the process, we can write an RNN as a loop, instead of an RNN as a layer or as an operator. A PyTorch example would look like the following:
+
+```python
+for i in xrange(1000):
+ m = read_minibatch()
+ x = m["sentence"]
+ for t in xrange x.len():
+ h[t] = the_step(x[t])
+```
+
+With Fluid, the training loop and the RNN in the above program are not really Python loops, but just a "loop structure" provided by Fluid and implemented in C++ as the following:
+
+```python
+train_loop = layers.While(cond)
+with train_loop.block():
+ m = read_minibatch()
+ x = m["sentence"]
+ rnn = layers.While(...)
+ with rnn.block():
+ h[t] = the_step(input[t])
+```
+
+An actual Fluid example is described [here](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/a91efdde6910ce92a78e3aa7157412c4c88d9ee8/python/paddle/v2/fluid/tests/test_while_op.py#L36-L44).
+
+From the example, the Fluid programs look very similar to their PyTorch equivalent programs, except that Fluid's loop structure, wrapped with Python's `with` statement, could run much faster than just a Python loop.
+
+We have more examples of the [`if-then-else`](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/doc/design/if_else_op.md) structure of Fluid.
+
+## Turing Completeness
+
+In computability theory, a system of data-manipulation rules, such as a programming language, is said to be Turing complete if it can be used to simulate any Turing machine. For a programming language, if it provides if-then-else and loop, it is Turing complete. From the above examples, Fluid seems to be Turing complete; however, it is noteworthy to notice that there is a slight difference between the `if-then-else` of Fluid and that of a programming language. The difference being that the former runs both of its branches and splits the input mini-batch into two -- one for the True condition and another for the False condition. This hasn't been researched in depth if this is equivalent to the `if-then-else` in programming languages that makes them Turing-complete. Based on a conversation with [Yuang Yu](https://research.google.com/pubs/104812.html), it seems to be the case but this needs to be looked into in-depth.
+
+## The Execution of a Fluid Program
+
+There are two ways to execute a Fluid program. When a program is executed, it creates a protobuf message [`ProgramDesc`](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/a91efdde6910ce92a78e3aa7157412c4c88d9ee8/paddle/framework/framework.proto#L145) that describes the process and is conceptually like an [abstract syntax tree](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_syntax_tree).
+
+There is a C++ class [`Executor`](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/paddle/framework/executor.h), which runs a `ProgramDesc`, similar to how an interpreter runs a Python program.
+
+Fluid is moving towards the direction of a compiler, which is explain in more detail later in this article.
+
+## Backward Compatibility of Fluid
+
+Given all the advantages from the removal of the concept of a *model*, hardware manufacturers might still prefer the existence of the concept of a model, so it would be easier for them to support multiple frameworks all at once and could run a trained model during inference. For example, Nervana, a startup company acquired by Intel, has been working on an XPU that reads the models in the format known as [n-graph](https://github.com/NervanaSystems/ngraph). Similarly, [Movidius](https://www.movidius.com/) is producing a mobile deep learning chip that reads and runs graphs of operators. The well-known [ONNX](https://github.com/onnx/onnx) is also a file format of graphs of operators.
+
+For Fluid, we can write a converter that extracts the parts in the `ProgramDesc` protobuf message, converts them into a graph of operators, and exports the graph into the ONNX or n-graph format.
+
+## Towards a Deep Learning Language and the Compiler
+
+We can change the `if-then-else` and loop structure a little bit in the above Fluid example programs, to make it into a new programming language, different than Python.
+
+Even if we do not invent a new language, as long as we get the `ProgramDesc` message filled in, we can write a transpiler, which translates each invocation to an operator, into a C++ call to a kernel function of that operator. For example, a transpiler that weaves the CUDA kernels outputs an NVIDIA-friendly C++ program, which can be built using `nvcc`. Another transpiler could generate MKL-friendly code that should be built using `icc` from Intel. More interestingly, we can translate a Fluid program into its distributed version of two `ProgramDesc` messages, one for running on the trainer process, and the other one for the parameter server. For more details of the last example, the [concurrent programming design](concurrent_programming.md) document would be a good pointer. The following figure explains the proposed two-stage process:
+
+
diff --git a/doc/design/images/control_flow_graph.png b/doc/design/images/control_flow_graph.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3579998e58
Binary files /dev/null and b/doc/design/images/control_flow_graph.png differ
diff --git a/doc/design/images/dataflow_equations.png b/doc/design/images/dataflow_equations.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c10f7f69f4
Binary files /dev/null and b/doc/design/images/dataflow_equations.png differ
diff --git a/doc/design/images/deep_learning.png b/doc/design/images/deep_learning.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..026becc4d9
Binary files /dev/null and b/doc/design/images/deep_learning.png differ
diff --git a/paddle/framework/images/duplicate_op.graffle b/doc/design/images/duplicate_op.graffle
similarity index 100%
rename from paddle/framework/images/duplicate_op.graffle
rename to doc/design/images/duplicate_op.graffle
diff --git a/paddle/framework/images/duplicate_op.png b/doc/design/images/duplicate_op.png
similarity index 100%
rename from paddle/framework/images/duplicate_op.png
rename to doc/design/images/duplicate_op.png
diff --git a/paddle/framework/images/duplicate_op2.graffle b/doc/design/images/duplicate_op2.graffle
similarity index 100%
rename from paddle/framework/images/duplicate_op2.graffle
rename to doc/design/images/duplicate_op2.graffle
diff --git a/paddle/framework/images/duplicate_op2.png b/doc/design/images/duplicate_op2.png
similarity index 100%
rename from paddle/framework/images/duplicate_op2.png
rename to doc/design/images/duplicate_op2.png
diff --git a/doc/design/images/multigpu_allreduce.graffle b/doc/design/images/multigpu_allreduce.graffle
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cb5bc420ce
Binary files /dev/null and b/doc/design/images/multigpu_allreduce.graffle differ
diff --git a/doc/design/images/multigpu_allreduce.png b/doc/design/images/multigpu_allreduce.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..87a1b3e8f6
Binary files /dev/null and b/doc/design/images/multigpu_allreduce.png differ
diff --git a/doc/design/images/multigpu_before_convert.graffle b/doc/design/images/multigpu_before_convert.graffle
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6c35ab1b21
Binary files /dev/null and b/doc/design/images/multigpu_before_convert.graffle differ
diff --git a/doc/design/images/multigpu_before_convert.png b/doc/design/images/multigpu_before_convert.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9c8f771116
Binary files /dev/null and b/doc/design/images/multigpu_before_convert.png differ
diff --git a/doc/design/images/profiler.png b/doc/design/images/profiler.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d57b71ca88
Binary files /dev/null and b/doc/design/images/profiler.png differ
diff --git a/doc/design/kernel_hint_design.md b/doc/design/kernel_hint_design.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a54b7da045
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/design/kernel_hint_design.md
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+## Problem
+In PaddlePaddle's [Design](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/doc/design/switch_kernel.md), one Operator may have multiple kernels. Users may have some personal preference to choose a certain type of kernel for an operator, such as `force_cpu` to choose a CPU kernel, `use_cudnn` to choose a CUDNN kernel, we need to provide a way for users to do this.
+
+In the current design, we use KernelType to describe one kernel.
+
+```cpp
+struct KernelType {
+ Place place_;
+ DataType data_type_;
+ LayoutType layout_;
+};
+```
+ `place_` `data_type_` and `layout_` can be got from the input tensors of the operator, `GetActualKernelType(inputs)` use inputs to infer the proper kernel key that fit the incoming data, but users can not directly configure it.
+
+The [design](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/doc/design/switch_kernel.md) also provides a virtual method `GetExpectedKernelType` that user can overload and use to choose the KernelType they want to use.
+
+So we should send the information user defined in proto to `GetExpectedKernelType` for choosing a kernel.
+
+The problem is, how should we define and send the information for `GetExpectedKernelType` to use?
+
+## Solution
+
+### Potential choice
+1. Do nothing, let the user add the information they want to operator‘s attribute and get them inside `GetExpectedKernelType`, this can work properly. But there is a little problem that users may define many kinds of hints for the same purpose, such as `force_cpu`, `use_cpu`, `cpu_kernel` to choose CPU kernel, and `use_cudnn`, `force_cudnn`, `cudnn_kernel` to choose CUDNN kernel.
+
+2. Pre-define all the needed option and use a single attr key such as `kernel_hint` for the user, this is not so flexible if the user wants to define some more kind of hint.
+
+### Final choice
+To provide enough flexibility while avoiding confusion definition, we can define some global constants for these attribute names, such as `force_cpu`, `use_cudnn`, `use_mkldnn` for a user to choose.
+
+In C++
+
+```cpp
+const std::string kForceCPU = "force_cpu";
+const std::string kUseCUDNN = "use_cudnn";
+const std::string kUseMKLDNN = "use_mkldnn";
+
+KernelType GetExpectedKernelType() {
+ if (Attr
+
+After compiling, the graph as shows
+
+
+
+Operators are added to the sub-graphs. Every GPU assigned a role of `rank0`, `rank1` etc.
+
+- **Broadcast**. Broadcast operator distribute initialized parameter to all the GPUs from the GPU who owns it. e.g. from`rank0` GPU.
+- **AllReduce**. AllReduce operator synchronizes parameters/gradients between GPUs. AllReduce implemented in the Ring-Based communicating method, avoid of the bottle neck in a single GPU.
+
+Need to notice that AllReduce operator force GPUs synchronized at that point. The whole training process in asynchronous or synchronous mode depends on the AllReduce point in the graph.
+
+As it shown in the picture, when each GPU compute the gradient of `W`, followed with a `AllReduce` operator, accumulate the `dW` to full batch of data, then run the optimize process individually and apply the gradient to its `W`.
+
+- **AllReduce**
+ Need to note that our AllReduce operator is a ring-base AllReduce implementation. If we use the NCCL2 AllReduce primitive, every GPU optimized full batch of data, wasted (n-1) GPU compute resources. In addition, NCCL2 built-in AllReduce will only utilize the communicating resource during synchronization, then update the gradient will be a subsequent phase. In fact, we can amortize the update gradient time cost into the communicating phase. The process is
+1. Every parameter has its root card. That card will responsible for aggregating the gradients from GPUs.
+2. The whole model's parameter will be hashed to different root card, ensure the load balance between GPUs.
+3. Logically neighberhood card will start send parameter to the next one. After one round, the parameter main card will aggregate the full gradients.
+4. Then the root card will optimize the parameter.
+5. This parameter card will send its optimized result to its neighberhood, then the neighberhood will send parameter to its next one.
+6. Finish the sychronization round.
+
+The total time cost will be 2 * (n-1) * per-parameter-send-time, we reach the goal of amortize the upgrade time into communicating phase.
diff --git a/doc/design/profiler.md b/doc/design/profiler.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b20b5efdc1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/design/profiler.md
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+## Introduction
+
+There are many performance analysis tools for [different programming languages and different software frameworks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_performance_analysis_tools). For most popular deep learning frameworks, they use several programming languages and adapt to heterogeneous platforms. Similar to most of the deep learning frameworks, PaddlePaddle also uses C++, CUDA and Python as the basic programming languages to adapt to run on CPU and GPU devices. The [`nvprof` tools](http://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/profiler-users-guide/index.html#nvprof-overview) is usually used to analyse the CUDA program. We have [a document](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/doc/howto/optimization/cpu_profiling.md) to profile CPU and Python program by [yep](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/yep) and [Google's perftools](https://github.com/google/pprof) to profile only the CPU and Python program. But for [PaddlePaddle fluid](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/doc/design/fluid.md), the operator is the basic computing unit. The developers usually want to collect the time of each operator and locate bottlenecks. The `nvprof` usually collect the timeline of CUDA-related activities on both CPU and GPU, including kernel execution, memory transfers, memory set and CUDA API calls and events or metrics for CUDA kernels. And the `yep` and `Google's perftools` can't collect the timeline for CUDA program. All these tools can't collect time in the operator level. So we design this profiling tool.
+
+## Architecture
+
+The work flow for most task is as follows. Each operator will run many times in the all iterations. So the profiler must collect the total time of each operator during the iteration. For more, sometimes, the developers may want to collect more detailed time span inside the operator or record time span for elsewhere, this requires that the profiler must support to record the nested time span. And in order to speedup training, all the deep learning frameworks support parallel computing, including multiple threads on CPU and multiple GPUs. So the profiler must be able to collect the timeline for each thread. In addition, the profiler also occupies certain resources. It must can be easily to be enabled or disabled by the developers. At last, the profiler should present a human-readable report.
+
+```python
+for i in xrange(M): # M is the iteration number
+ for op in operator_lists: # The `operator_lists` contains all the operators in the network.
+ op.run();
+```
+
+In summary, the proflier should have following features:
+
+- records time span in loop.
+- supports nested time span.
+- supports multiple threads/multiple GPUs.
+- supports to be enabled and disabled by users.
+
+But how to record the time for the mixed C++ and CUDA program? There many C++ APIs to get the current calendar time in host program. But for GPU, the CUDA kernels may be executed concurrently if they are in different [streams](http://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-c-programming-guide/index.html#streams) and the CUDA kernels is asynchronous with the host program if there is no the synchronous aftern the CUDA kernels. CUDA provides [event](http://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-c-programming-guide/index.html#events) to monitor the device and perform accurate timing. Inspired by PyTorch and CUDA event, we also design and apply the events to record the timeline. Then summarize and present statistics based on these events.
+
+The overall flow is shown as the following figure.
+
+
+ +### Event + +In above work flow, a pair of events are needed before and after the piece of code to collect time. So the event has a flag to mark whether it is a starting event or an ending event. Except this two kinds of event, sometime, a only marker with a text message is needed, for example, a marker to specify the profiling start or end. There are three kinds of event: + +```c++ +enum EventKind { + kMark, + kPushRange, + kPopRange}; +``` +- kMark: only a marker without time range. +- kPushRange: mark the starting event for time range. +- kPopRange: mark the ending event for time range. + +For the CPU code, the events only need to record the current time. For the CUDA code, the [event management functions of CUDA](http://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-runtime-api/group__CUDART__EVENT.html#group__CUDART__EVENT) are used. For many pieces of code, an event lists are used to record each piece. + +```c++ +class Event { + public: + // The DeviceContext is used to get current CUDA stream. + Event(EventKind kind, std::string name, uint32_t thread_id, + const platform::DeviceContext* dev_ctx = nullptr); + double CpuElapsedUs(const Event& e) const; + double CudaElapsedUs(const Event& e) const; + + private: + EventKind kind_; + std::string name_; + uint32_t thread_id_; + int64_t cpu_ns_; +#ifdef PADDLE_WITH_CUDA + cudaEvent_t event_ = nullptr; + int device_ = -1; +#endif +}; + +struct EventList { + std::forward_list
+
+* 注：CI环境使用 https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/buildtools 这里的DockerImage作为编译环境以支持更多的Linux
+ 发型版，如果需要手动编译，也可以使用这些镜像。这些镜像也可以从 https://hub.docker.com/r/paddlepaddle/paddle_manylinux_devel/tags/ 下载得到。
+* pypi不支持覆盖上传，所以一个版本号的wheel包发布之后，不可以更改。下一个wheel包需要更新版本号才可以上传。
+
+## 发布Docker镜像
+
+上述PaddlePaddle CI编译wheel完成后会自动将Docker镜像push到DockerHub，所以，发布Docker镜像只需要对自动push的镜像打上
+版本号对应的tag即可：
+
+1. 进入 https://hub.docker.com/r/paddlepaddle/paddle/tags/ 查看latest tag的更新时间是否在上述编译wheel包完成后是否最新。
+1. 执行 `docker pull paddlepaddle/paddle:[latest tag]`，latest tag可以是latest或latest-gpu等。
+1. 执行 `docker tag paddlepaddle/paddle:[latest tag] paddlepaddle/paddle:[version]`
+1. 执行 `docker push paddlepaddle/paddle:[version]`
+
## PaddlePaddle 分支规范
PaddlePaddle开发过程使用[git-flow](http://nvie.com/posts/a-successful-git-branching-model/)分支规范，并适应github的特性做了一些区别。
diff --git a/doc/design/support_new_device.md b/doc/design/support_new_device.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4c5f10e2ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/design/support_new_device.md
@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
+# Design Doc: Supporting new Device/Library
+
+## Background
+
+Deep learning has a high demand for computing resources. New high-performance devices and computing libraries are appearing very frequently. Deep learning frameworks have to integrate these high-performance devices and computing libraries flexibly and efficiently.
+
+On one hand, hardware and computing libraries usually do not have a one-to-one correspondence. For example,Intel CPUs support Eigen and MKL computing libraries while Nvidia GPUs support Eigen and cuDNN computing libraries. We have to implement operator specific kernels for each computing library.
+
+On the other hand, users usually do not want to care about the low-level hardware and computing libraries when writing a neural network configuration. In Fluid, `Layer` is exposed in `Python`, and `Operator` is exposed in `C++`. Both `Layer` and `Operator` are hardware independent.
+
+So, how to support a new Device/Library in Fluid becomes a challenge.
+
+
+## Basic: Integrate A New Device/Library
+
+For a general overview of fluid, please refer to the [overview doc](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/doc/howto/read_source.md).
+
+There are mainly three parts that we have to consider while integrating a new device/library:
+
+- Place and DeviceContext: indicates the device id and manages hardware resources
+
+- Memory and Tensor: malloc/free data on certain device
+
+- Math Functor and OpKernel: implement computing unit on certain devices/libraries
+
+### Place and DeviceContext
+
+Please remind that device and computing library are not one-to-one corresponding. A device can have a lot of computing libraries and a computing library can also support several devices.
+
+#### Place
+Fluid uses class [Place](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/paddle/platform/place.h#L55) to represent the device memory where data is located. If we add another device, we have to add corresponding `DevicePlace`.
+
+```
+ | CPUPlace
+Place --| CUDAPlace
+ | FPGAPlace
+```
+
+And `Place` is defined as follows:
+
+```
+typedef boost::variant
+ 
图1. 稀疏矩阵存储示意图
+
+
图2. 序列输入示意图
+
| Python 端数据类型 | +C-API 输入数据类型 | +
|---|---|
| paddle.data_type.integer_value | +整型数组，无需附加序列信息 | +
| paddle.data_type.dense_vector | +浮点型稠密矩阵，无需附加序列信息 | +
| paddle.data_type.sparse_binary_vector | +浮点型稀疏矩阵，无需提供非零元的值，默认为1，无需附加序列信息 | +
| paddle.data_type.sparse_vector | +浮点型稀疏矩阵，需提供非零元的值，无需附加序列信息 | +
| paddle.data_type.integer_value_sequence | +整型数组，需附加序列信息 | +
| paddle.data_type.dense_vector_sequence | +浮点型稠密矩阵，需附加序列信息 | +
| paddle.data_type.sparse_binary_vector_sequence | +浮点型稀疏矩阵，无需提供非零元的值，默认为1，需附加序列信息 | +
| paddle.data_type.sparse_vector_sequence | +浮点型稀疏矩阵，需提供非零元的值，需附加序列信息 | +
| paddle.data_type.integer_value_sub_sequence | +整型数组，需附加双层序列信息 | +
| paddle.data_type.dense_vector_sub_sequence | +浮点型稠密矩阵，需附加双层序列信息 | +
| paddle.data_type.sparse_binary_vector_sub_sequence | +浮点型稀疏矩阵，无需提供非零元的值，默认为1，需附加双层序列信息 | +
| paddle.data_type.sparse_vector_sub_sequence | +浮点型稀疏矩阵，需提供非零元的值，需附加双层序列信息 | +
+ + +### 输出数据 + +PaddlePaddle中一个计算层的输出数据组织方式和输入数据组织方式完全相同。一个输出数据同样被组织为一个`argument`，`argument`通过`paddle_matrix`或`paddle_ivector`存数数据，如果输出是一个序列，那么会携带有`sequence_start_positions`信息。调用C-API相关接口，读取需要的结果即可。 + +### 总结 + +- 在PaddlePaddle内部，神经网络中一个计算层的输入/输出被组织为`argument`。 +- `argument`并不真正“存储”数据，而是将输入/输出信息有机地组织在一起。 +- 在`argument`内部由`paddle_ivector`（一维整型数组）和`paddle_matrix`（二维浮点型矩阵）来实际存储数据。 +如果是一个序列输入/输出由 `sequence start positions` 来记录输入/输出的序列信息。 + +于是，在组织神经网络输入时，需要思考完成以下工作： +1. 为每一个输入/输出创建`argument`。 + - C-API 中操作`argument`的接口请查看[argument.h](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/paddle/capi/arguments.h)。 +1. 为每一个`argument`创建`paddle_matrix`或者`paddle_ivector`来存储数据。 + - C-API 中操作`paddle_ivector`的接口请查看 [vector.h](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/paddle/capi/vector.h)。 + - C-API 中操作`paddle_matrix`的接口请查看[matrix.h](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/paddle/capi/matrix.h)。 +1. 如果输入是序列数据，需要创建并填写`sequence_start_positions`信息。 + - 通过调用 [`paddle_arguments_set_sequence_start_pos`](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/paddle/capi/arguments.h#L137) 来为一个`argument`添加序列信息。 + - 通过调用 [`paddle_arguments_get_sequence_start_pos`](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/paddle/capi/arguments.h#L150) 来读取一个`argument`添加序列信息。 + - 接口说明请查看 [argument.h](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/paddle/capi/arguments.h) 文件。 diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/capi/workflow_of_capi_cn.md b/doc/howto/usage/capi/workflow_of_capi_cn.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..e0a42fff12 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/howto/usage/capi/workflow_of_capi_cn.md @@ -0,0 +1,119 @@ +## C-API 使用流程 + +这篇文档介绍 PaddlePaddle C-API 整体使用流程。 + +### 使用流程 + +使用 C-API 的工作流程如图1所示，分为（1）准备预测模型和（2）预测程序开发两大部分。 + +
+
图1. C-API使用流程示意图
+
@@ -32,10 +15,11 @@
在使用同步SGD训练神经网络时，PaddlePaddle使用同步屏障（barrier），使梯度的提交和参数的更新按照顺序方式执行。在异步SGD中，则并不会等待所有trainer提交梯度才更新参数，这样极大地提高了计算的并行性：参数服务器之间不相互依赖，并行地接收梯度和更新参数，参数服务器也不会等待计算节点全部都提交梯度之后才开始下一步，计算节点之间也不会相互依赖，并行地执行模型的训练。可以看出，虽然异步SGD方式会提高参数更新并行度, 但是并不能保证参数同步更新，在任意时间某一台参数服务器上保存的参数可能比另一台要更新，与同步SGD相比，梯度会有噪声。
+
## 环境准备
1. 准备您的计算集群。计算集群通常由一组（几台到几千台规模）的Linux服务器组成。服务器之间可以通过局域网（LAN）联通，每台服务器具有集群中唯一的IP地址（或者可被DNS解析的主机名）。集群中的每台计算机通常被成为一个“节点”。
-1. 我们需要在集群的所有节点上安装 PaddlePaddle。 如果要启用GPU，还需要在节点上安装对应的GPU驱动以及CUDA。PaddlePaddle的安装可以参考[build_and_install](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/tree/develop/doc/getstarted/build_and_install)的多种安装方式。我们推荐使用[Docker](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/doc/getstarted/build_and_install/docker_install_cn.rst)安装方式来快速安装PaddlePaddle。
+1. 我们需要在集群的所有节点上安装 PaddlePaddle。 如果要启用GPU，还需要在节点上安装对应的GPU驱动以及CUDA。PaddlePaddle的安装可以参考[build_and_install](http://www.paddlepaddle.org/docs/develop/documentation/zh/getstarted/build_and_install/index_cn.html)的多种安装方式。我们推荐使用[Docker](http://www.paddlepaddle.org/docs/develop/documentation/zh/getstarted/build_and_install/docker_install_cn.html)安装方式来快速安装PaddlePaddle。
安装完成之后，执行下面的命令可以查看已经安装的版本（docker安装方式可以进入docker容器执行：`docker run -it paddlepaddle/paddle:[tag] /bin/bash`）：
```bash
@@ -63,12 +47,12 @@ $ paddle pserver --port=7164 --ports_num=1 --ports_num_for_sparse=1 --num_gradie
$ stdbuf -oL /usr/bin/nohup paddle pserver --port=7164 --ports_num=1 --ports_num_for_sparse=1 --num_gradient_servers=1 &> pserver.log
```
-| 参数 | 是否必选 | 默认值 | 说明 |
-| ------------- | ------------- | ------------- | ------------- |
-| port | 必选 | 7164 | pserver监听的起始端口，根据ports_num决定总端口个数，从起始端口监听多个端口用于通信 | -| ports_num | 必选 | 1 | 监听的端口个数 | -| ports_num_for_sparse | 必选 | 1 | 用于稀疏类型参数通信的端口个数 | -| num_gradient_servers | 必选 | 1 | 当前训练任务pserver总数 | +参数说明 + +- port：**必选，默认7164**，pserver监听的起始端口，根据ports_num决定总端口个数，从起始端口监听多个端口用于通信 +- ports_num：**必选，默认1**，监听的端口个数 +- ports_num_for_sparse：**必选，默认0**，用于稀疏类型参数通信的端口个数 +- num_gradient_servers：**必选，默认1**，当前训练任务pserver总数 ### 启动计算节点 执行以下命令启动使用python编写的trainer程序（文件名为任意文件名，如train.py） @@ -76,7 +60,7 @@ $ stdbuf -oL /usr/bin/nohup paddle pserver --port=7164 --ports_num=1 --ports_num $ python train.py ``` -trainer需要和pserver保持网络联通以完成训练。trainer启动需要传入端口、pserver地址等参数使trainer可以正确连接到pserver。这些参数可以通过环境变量（https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/环境变量 ）或编写程序时`paddle.init()`中传入参数。如果同时使用`paddle.init()`参数和环境变量，将会优先使用`paddle.init()`中传入的参数。 +trainer需要和pserver保持网络联通以完成训练。trainer启动需要传入端口、pserver地址等参数使trainer可以正确连接到pserver。这些参数可以通过[环境变量](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/环境变量)或编写程序时`paddle.init()`中传入参数。如果同时使用`paddle.init()`参数和环境变量，将会优先使用`paddle.init()`中传入的参数。 使用环境变量： @@ -105,16 +89,16 @@ paddle.init( pservers="127.0.0.1") ``` -| 参数 | 是否必选 | 默认 | 说明 | -| ------------- | ------------- | ------------- | ------------- | -| use_gpu | 可选 | False | 是否启用GPU训练 | -| trainer_count | 必选 | 1 | 当前训练任务trainer总个数 | -| port | 必选 | 7164 | 连接到pserver的端口 | -| ports_num | 必选 | 1 | 连接到pserver的端口个数 | -| ports_num_for_sparse | 必选 | 1 | 和pserver之间用于稀疏类型参数通信的端口个数 | -| num_gradient_servers | 必选 | 1 | 当前训练任务pserver总数 | -| trainer_id | 必选 | 0 | 每个trainer的唯一ID，从0开始的整数 | -| pservers | 必选 | 127.0.0.1 | 当前训练任务启动的pserver的IP列表，多个IP使用“,”隔开 | +参数说明 + +- use_gpu： **可选，默认False**，是否启用GPU训练 +- trainer_count：**必选，默认1**，当前训练任务trainer总个数 +- port：**必选，默认7164**，连接到pserver的端口 +- ports_num：**必选，默认1**，连接到pserver的端口个数 +- ports_num_for_sparse：**必选，默认0**，和pserver之间用于稀疏类型参数通信的端口个数 +- num_gradient_servers：**必选，默认1**，当前训练任务pserver总数 +- trainer_id：**必选，默认0**，每个trainer的唯一ID，从0开始的整数 +- pservers：**必选，默认127.0.0.1**，当前训练任务启动的pserver的IP列表，多个IP使用“,”隔开 ### 准备数据集 @@ -171,7 +155,7 @@ test.txt-00002 - `my_lib.py`：会被`train.py`调用的一些用户定义的库函数，比如PIL库等。 - `word_dict.pickle`：在`train.py`中会使用到的字典数据文件。 -- `train.py`：训练程序，代码参考[api_train_v2_cluster.py](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/tree/develop/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/word2vec/prepare.py)。***注意：*** 对于本样例代码，在使用不同的分布式计算平台时，您可能需要修改`train.py`开头的部分（如下），以便获得训练数据的位置和获取环境变量配置： +- `train.py`：训练程序，代码参考[api_train_v2_cluster.py](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/tree/develop/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/word2vec/api_train_v2_cluster.py)。***注意：*** 对于本样例代码，在使用不同的分布式计算平台时，您可能需要修改`train.py`开头的部分（如下），以便获得训练数据的位置和获取环境变量配置： ```python cluster_train_file = "./train_data_dir/train/train.txt" @@ -195,91 +179,10 @@ PaddlePaddle可以使用多种分布式计算平台构建分布式计算任务 在使用分布式计算平台进行训练时，任务被调度在集群中时，分布式计算平台通常会通过API或者环境变量提供任务运行需要的参数，比如节点的ID、IP和任务节点个数等。 -### 使用Fabric启动集群作业 - -#### 准备一个Linux集群 -可以在`paddle/scripts/cluster_train_v2/fabric/docker_cluster`目录下，执行`kubectl -f ssh_servers.yaml`启动一个测试集群，并使用`kubectl get po -o wide`获得这些节点的IP地址。 - -#### 启动集群作业 - -`paddle.py` 提供了自动化脚本来启动不同节点中的所有 PaddlePaddle 集群进程。默认情况下，所有命令行选项可以设置为 `paddle.py` 命令选项并且 `paddle.py` 将透明、自动地将这些选项应用到 PaddlePaddle 底层进程。 - -`paddle.py` 为方便作业启动提供了两个独特的命令选项。 - -- `job_dispatch_package` 设为本地 `workspace` 目录，它将被分发到 `conf.py` 中设置的所有节点。它有助于帮助频繁修改和访问工作区文件的用户减少负担，否则频繁的多节点工作空间部署可能会很麻烦。 -- `job_workspace` 设为已部署的工作空间目录，`paddle.py` 将跳过分发阶段直接启动所有节点的集群作业。它可以帮助减少分发延迟。 - -`cluster_train/run.sh` 提供了命令样例来运行 `doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/word2vec` 集群任务，只需用您定义的目录修改 `job_dispatch_package` 和 `job_workspace`，然后： -``` -sh run.sh -``` - -集群作业将会在几秒后启动。 - -#### 终止集群作业 -`paddle.py`能获取`Ctrl + C` SIGINT 信号来自动终止它启动的所有进程。只需中断 `paddle.py` 任务来终止集群作业。如果程序崩溃你也可以手动终止。 - -#### 检查集群训练结果 -详细信息请检查 $workspace/log 里的日志，每一个节点都有相同的日志结构。 - -`paddle_trainer.INFO` -提供几乎所有训练的内部输出日志，与本地训练相同。这里检验运行时间模型的收敛。 - -`paddle_pserver2.INFO` -提供 pserver 运行日志，有助于诊断分布式错误。 - -`server.log` -提供 parameter server 进程的 stderr 和 stdout。训练失败时可以检查错误日志。 - -`train.log` -提供训练过程的 stderr 和 stdout。训练失败时可以检查错误日志。 - -#### 检查模型输出 -运行完成后，模型文件将被写入节点 0 的 `output` 目录中。 -工作空间中的 `nodefile` 表示当前集群作业的节点 ID。 - -### 在OpenMPI集群中提交训练作业 - -#### 准备OpenMPI集群 - -执行下面的命令以启动3个节点的OpenMPI集群和一个"head"节点： - -```bash -paddle/scripts/cluster_train_v2/openmpi/docker_cluster -kubectl create -f head.yaml -kubectl create -f mpi-nodes.yaml -``` - -然后可以从head节点ssh无密码登录到OpenMPI的每个节点上。 - -#### 启动集群作业 - -您可以按照下面的步骤在OpenMPI集群中提交paddle训练任务： - -```bash -# 获得head和node节点的IP地址 -kubectl get po -o wide -# 将node节点的IP地址保存到machines文件中 -kubectl get po -o wide | grep nodes | awk '{print $6}' > machines -# 拷贝必要的文件到head节点 -scp -i ssh/id_rsa.mpi.pub machines prepare.py train.py start_mpi_train.sh tutorial@[headIP]:~ -# ssh 登录到head节点 -ssh -i ssh/id_rsa.mpi.pub tutorial@[headIP] -# --------------- 以下操作均在head节点中执行 --------------- -# 准备训练数据 -python prepare.py -# 拷贝训练程序和字典文件到每台MPI节点 -cat machines | xargs -i scp word_dict.pickle train.py start_mpi_train.sh machines {}:/home/tutorial -# 创建日志目录 -mpirun -hostfile machines -n 3 mkdir /home/tutorial/logs -# 拷贝训练数据到各自的节点 -scp train.txt-00000 test.txt-00000 [node1IP]:/home/tutorial -scp train.txt-00001 test.txt-00001 [node2IP]:/home/tutorial -scp train.txt-00002 test.txt-00002 [node3IP]:/home/tutorial -# 启动训练任务 -mpirun -hostfile machines -n 3 /home/tutorial/start_mpi_train.sh -``` - -### 在Kubernetes集群中提交训练作业 +## 在不同集群中运行 -此部分的使用方法可以参考[here](../k8s/k8s_distributed_cn.md)。 + - [fabric集群](fabric_cn.md) + - [openmpi集群](openmpi_cn.md) + - [kubernetes单机](k8s_cn.md) + - [kubernetes distributed分布式](k8s_distributed_cn.md) + - [AWS上运行kubernetes集群训练](k8s_aws_cn.md) diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/cluster/cluster_train_en.md b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/cluster_train_en.md index baa97c0c02..28cd1fa790 100644 --- a/doc/howto/usage/cluster/cluster_train_en.md +++ b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/cluster_train_en.md @@ -1,23 +1,4 @@ -# PaddlePaddle Distributed Training - -* [Introduction](#introduction) -* [Preparations](#preparations) -* [Command-line arguments](#command-line-arguments) - * [Starting parameter server](#starting-parameter-server) - * [Starting trainer](#starting-trainer) - * [Prepare Training Dataset](#prepare-training-dataset) - * [Prepare Training program](#prepare-training-program) -* [Use cluster platforms or cluster management tools](#use-cluster-platforms-or-cluster-management-tools) - * [Cluster Training Using Fabric](#cluster-training-using-fabric) - * [Prepare a Linux cluster](#prepare-a-linux-cluster) - * [Launching Cluster Job](#launching-cluster-job) - * [Kill Cluster Job](#kill-cluster-job) - * [Check Cluster Training Result](#check-cluster-training-result) - * [Check Model Output](#check-model-output) - * [Cluster Training Using OpenMPI](#cluster-training-using-openmpi) - * [Prepare an OpenMPI cluster](#prepare-an-openmpi-cluster) - * [Launching Cluster Job](#launching-cluster-job-1) - * [Cluster Training Using Kubernetes](#cluster-training-using-kubernetes) +# Distributed Training ## Introduction @@ -35,7 +16,7 @@ When training with synchronize SGD, PaddlePaddle uses an internal "synchronize b ## Preparations 1. Prepare your computer cluster. It's normally a bunch of Linux servers connected by LAN. Each server will be assigned a unique IP address. The computers in the cluster can be called "nodes". -2. Install PaddlePaddle on every node. If you are going to take advantage of GPU cards, you'll also need to install proper driver and CUDA libraries. To install PaddlePaddle please read [this build and install](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/tree/develop/doc/getstarted/build_and_install) document. We strongly recommend using [Docker installation](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/doc/getstarted/build_and_install/docker_install_en.rst). +2. Install PaddlePaddle on every node. If you are going to take advantage of GPU cards, you'll also need to install proper driver and CUDA libraries. To install PaddlePaddle please read [this build and install](http://www.paddlepaddle.org/docs/develop/documentation/en/getstarted/build_and_install/index_en.html) document. We strongly recommend using [Docker installation](http://www.paddlepaddle.org/docs/develop/documentation/en/getstarted/build_and_install/docker_install_en.html). After installation, you can check the version by typing the below command (run a docker container if using docker: `docker run -it paddlepaddle/paddle:[tag] /bin/bash`): @@ -67,12 +48,12 @@ If you wish to run parameter servers in background, and save a log file, you can $ stdbuf -oL /usr/bin/nohup paddle pserver --port=7164 --ports_num=1 --ports_num_for_sparse=1 --num_gradient_servers=1 &> pserver.log ``` -| param | required | default | description | -| ------------- | ------------- | ------------- | ------------- | -| port | required | 7164 | port which parameter server will listen on. If ports_num greater than 1, parameter server will listen on multiple ports for more network throughput | -| ports_num | required | 1 | total number of ports will listen on | -| ports_num_for_sparse | required | 1 | number of ports which serves sparse parameter update | -| num_gradient_servers | required | 1 | total number of gradient servers | +Parameter Description + +- port: **required, default 7164**, port which parameter server will listen on. If ports_num greater than 1, parameter server will listen on multiple ports for more network throughput. +- ports_num: **required, default 1**, total number of ports will listen on. +- ports_num_for_sparse: **required, default 0**, number of ports which serves sparse parameter update. +- num_gradient_servers: **required, default 1**, total number of gradient servers. ### Starting trainer Type the command below to start the trainer(name the file whatever you want, like "train.py") @@ -111,16 +92,16 @@ paddle.init( pservers="127.0.0.1") ``` -| param | required | default | description | -| ------------- | ------------- | ------------- | ------------- | -| use_gpu | optional | False | set to "True" to enable GPU training | -| trainer_count | required | 1 | total count of trainers in the training job | -| port | required | 7164 | port to connect to parameter server | -| ports_num | required | 1 | number of ports for communication | -| ports_num_for_sparse | required | 1 | number of ports for sparse type caculation | -| num_gradient_servers | required | 1 | total number of gradient server | -| trainer_id | required | 0 | ID for every trainer, start from 0 | -| pservers | required | 127.0.0.1 | list of IPs of parameter servers, separated by "," | +Parameter Description + +- use_gpu: **optional, default False**, set to "True" to enable GPU training. +- trainer_count: **required, default 1**, total count of trainers in the training job. +- port: **required, default 7164**, port to connect to parameter server. +- ports_num: **required, default 1**, number of ports for communication. +- ports_num_for_sparse: **required, default 0**, number of ports for sparse type caculation. +- num_gradient_servers: **required, default 1**, total number of gradient server. +- trainer_id: **required, default 0**, ID for every trainer, start from 0. +- pservers: **required, default 127.0.0.1**, list of IPs of parameter servers, separated by ",". ### Prepare Training Dataset @@ -178,7 +159,7 @@ Your workspace may looks like: - `my_lib.py`: user defined libraries, like PIL libs. This is optional. - `word_dict.pickle`: dict file for training word embeding. -- `train.py`: training program. Sample code: [api_train_v2_cluster.py](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/tree/develop/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/word2vec/prepare.py). ***NOTE:*** You may need to modify the head part of `train.py` when using different cluster platform to retrive configuration environment variables: +- `train.py`: training program. Sample code: [api_train_v2_cluster.py](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/tree/develop/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/word2vec/api_train_v2_cluster.py). ***NOTE:*** You may need to modify the head part of `train.py` when using different cluster platform to retrive configuration environment variables: ```python cluster_train_file = "./train_data_dir/train/train.txt" @@ -202,92 +183,9 @@ We'll introduce cluster job management on these platforms. The examples can be f These cluster platforms provide API or environment variables for training processes, when the job is dispatched to different nodes. Like node ID, IP or total number of nodes etc. -### Cluster Training Using Fabric - -#### Prepare a Linux cluster - -Run `kubectl -f ssh_servers.yaml` under the directory: `paddle/scripts/cluster_train_v2/fabric/docker_cluster` will launch a demo cluster. Run `kubectl get po -o wide` to get IP addresses of these nodes. - -#### Launching Cluster Job -`paddle.py` provides automatical scripts to start all PaddlePaddle cluster processes in different nodes. By default, all command line options can be set as `paddle.py` command options and `paddle.py` will transparently and automatically set these options to PaddlePaddle lower level processes. - -`paddle.py`provides two distinguished command option for easy job launching. - -- `job_dispatch_package` set it with local `workspace` directory, it will be dispatched to all nodes which is set in `conf.py`. It could be helpful for frequently manipulating workspace files. otherwise, frequent multi-nodes workspace deployment is very annoying. -- `job_workspace` set it with already deployed workspace directory, `paddle.py` will skip dispatch stage to directly launch cluster job with all nodes. It could help to reduce heavy -dispatch latency. - -`cluster_train/run.sh` provides command line sample to run `demo/recommendation` cluster job, just modify `job_dispatch_package` and `job_workspace` with your defined directory, then: -``` -sh run.sh -``` - -The cluster Job will start in several seconds. - -#### Kill Cluster Job -`paddle.py` can capture `Ctrl + C` SIGINT signal to automatically kill all processes launched by it. So just stop `paddle.py` to kill cluster job. You should manually kill the job if the program crashed. - -#### Check Cluster Training Result -Check log in $workspace/log for details, each node owns same log structure. - -`paddle_trainer.INFO` -It provides almost all internal output log for training, same as local training. Check runtime model convergence here. - -`paddle_pserver2.INFO` -It provides parameter server running log, which could help to diagnose distributed error. - -`server.log` -It provides stderr and stdout of parameter server process. Check error log if training crashes. - -`train.log` -It provides stderr and stdout of trainer process. Check error log if training crashes. - -#### Check Model Output -After one pass finished, model files will be written in `output` directory in node 0. -`nodefile` in workspace indicates the node id of current cluster job. - -### Cluster Training Using OpenMPI - -#### Prepare an OpenMPI cluster - -Run the following command to start a 3-node MPI cluster and one "head" node. - -```bash -cd paddle/scripts/cluster_train_v2/openmpi/docker_cluster -kubectl create -f head.yaml -kubectl create -f mpi-nodes.yaml -``` - -Then you can log in to every OpenMPI node using ssh without input any passwords. - -#### Launching Cluster Job - -Follow the steps to launch a PaddlePaddle training job in OpenMPI cluster:\ - -```bash -# find out node IP addresses -kubectl get po -o wide -# generate a "machines" file containing node IP addresses -kubectl get po -o wide | grep nodes | awk '{print $6}' > machines -# copy necessary files onto "head" node -scp -i ssh/id_rsa.mpi.pub machines prepare.py train.py start_mpi_train.sh tutorial@[headIP]:~ -# login to head node using ssh -ssh -i ssh/id_rsa.mpi.pub tutorial@[headIP] -# --------------- in head node --------------- -# prepare training data -python prepare.py -# copy training data and dict file to MPI nodes -cat machines | xargs -i scp word_dict.pickle train.py start_mpi_train.sh machines {}:/home/tutorial -# creat a directory for storing log files -mpirun -hostfile machines -n 3 mkdir /home/tutorial/logs -# copy training data to every node -scp train.txt-00000 test.txt-00000 [node1IP]:/home/tutorial -scp train.txt-00001 test.txt-00001 [node2IP]:/home/tutorial -scp train.txt-00002 test.txt-00002 [node3IP]:/home/tutorial -# start the job -mpirun -hostfile machines -n 3 /home/tutorial/start_mpi_train.sh -``` - -### Cluster Training Using Kubernetes +## Use different clusters -The details can be found [here](../k8s/k8s_cn.md) + - [fabric](fabric_en.md) + - [openmpi](openmpi_en.md) + - [kubernetes](k8s_en.md) + - [kubernetes on AWS](k8s_aws_en.md) diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/cluster/fabric_cn.md b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/fabric_cn.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0385e401b3 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/fabric_cn.md @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +# 使用fabric启动集群训练 + +## 准备一个Linux集群 +可以在`paddle/scripts/cluster_train_v2/fabric/docker_cluster`目录下，执行`kubectl -f ssh_servers.yaml`启动一个测试集群，并使用`kubectl get po -o wide`获得这些节点的IP地址。 + +## 启动集群作业 + +`paddle.py` 提供了自动化脚本来启动不同节点中的所有 PaddlePaddle 集群进程。默认情况下，所有命令行选项可以设置为 `paddle.py` 命令选项并且 `paddle.py` 将透明、自动地将这些选项应用到 PaddlePaddle 底层进程。 + +`paddle.py` 为方便作业启动提供了两个独特的命令选项。 + +- `job_dispatch_package` 设为本地 `workspace` 目录，它将被分发到 `conf.py` 中设置的所有节点。它有助于帮助频繁修改和访问工作区文件的用户减少负担，否则频繁的多节点工作空间部署可能会很麻烦。 +- `job_workspace` 设为已部署的工作空间目录，`paddle.py` 将跳过分发阶段直接启动所有节点的集群作业。它可以帮助减少分发延迟。 + +`cluster_train/run.sh` 提供了命令样例来运行 `doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/word2vec` 集群任务，只需用您定义的目录修改 `job_dispatch_package` 和 `job_workspace`，然后： +``` +sh run.sh +``` + +集群作业将会在几秒后启动。 + +## 终止集群作业 +`paddle.py`能获取`Ctrl + C` SIGINT 信号来自动终止它启动的所有进程。只需中断 `paddle.py` 任务来终止集群作业。如果程序崩溃你也可以手动终止。 + +## 检查集群训练结果 +详细信息请检查 $workspace/log 里的日志，每一个节点都有相同的日志结构。 + +`paddle_trainer.INFO` +提供几乎所有训练的内部输出日志，与本地训练相同。这里检验运行时间模型的收敛。 + +`paddle_pserver2.INFO` +提供 pserver 运行日志，有助于诊断分布式错误。 + +`server.log` +提供 parameter server 进程的 stderr 和 stdout。训练失败时可以检查错误日志。 + +`train.log` +提供训练过程的 stderr 和 stdout。训练失败时可以检查错误日志。 + +## 检查模型输出 +运行完成后，模型文件将被写入节点 0 的 `output` 目录中。 +工作空间中的 `nodefile` 表示当前集群作业的节点 ID。 diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/cluster/fabric_en.md b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/fabric_en.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..bf270d89ab --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/fabric_en.md @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +# Cluster Training Using Fabric + +## Prepare a Linux cluster + +Run `kubectl -f ssh_servers.yaml` under the directory: `paddle/scripts/cluster_train_v2/fabric/docker_cluster` will launch a demo cluster. Run `kubectl get po -o wide` to get IP addresses of these nodes. + +## Launching Cluster Job +`paddle.py` provides automatical scripts to start all PaddlePaddle cluster processes in different nodes. By default, all command line options can be set as `paddle.py` command options and `paddle.py` will transparently and automatically set these options to PaddlePaddle lower level processes. + +`paddle.py`provides two distinguished command option for easy job launching. + +- `job_dispatch_package` set it with local `workspace` directory, it will be dispatched to all nodes which is set in `conf.py`. It could be helpful for frequently manipulating workspace files. otherwise, frequent multi-nodes workspace deployment is very annoying. +- `job_workspace` set it with already deployed workspace directory, `paddle.py` will skip dispatch stage to directly launch cluster job with all nodes. It could help to reduce heavy +dispatch latency. + +`cluster_train/run.sh` provides command line sample to run `demo/recommendation` cluster job, just modify `job_dispatch_package` and `job_workspace` with your defined directory, then: +``` +sh run.sh +``` + +The cluster Job will start in several seconds. + +## Kill Cluster Job +`paddle.py` can capture `Ctrl + C` SIGINT signal to automatically kill all processes launched by it. So just stop `paddle.py` to kill cluster job. You should manually kill the job if the program crashed. + +## Check Cluster Training Result +Check log in $workspace/log for details, each node owns same log structure. + +`paddle_trainer.INFO` +It provides almost all internal output log for training, same as local training. Check runtime model convergence here. + +`paddle_pserver2.INFO` +It provides parameter server running log, which could help to diagnose distributed error. + +`server.log` +It provides stderr and stdout of parameter server process. Check error log if training crashes. + +`train.log` +It provides stderr and stdout of trainer process. Check error log if training crashes. + +## Check Model Output +After one pass finished, model files will be written in `output` directory in node 0. +`nodefile` in workspace indicates the node id of current cluster job. diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/cluster/fluid_cluster_train_en.md b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/fluid_cluster_train_en.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..a64004a7c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/fluid_cluster_train_en.md @@ -0,0 +1,140 @@ +# Fluid Distributed Training + +## Introduction + +In this article, we'll explain how to config and run distributed training jobs with PaddlePaddle Fluid in a bare metal cluster. + +## Preparations + +### Get your cluster ready + +Prepare your computer nodes in the cluster. Nodes in this cluster can be of any specification that runs PaddlePaddle, and with a unique IP address assigned to it. Make sure they can communicate with each other. + +### Have PaddlePaddle installed + +PaddlePaddle must be installed on all nodes. If you have GPU cards on your nodes, be sure to properly install drivers and CUDA libraries. + +PaddlePaddle build and installation guide can be found from [here](http://www.paddlepaddle.org/docs/develop/documentation/en/getstarted/build_and_install/index_en.html). + +### Update training script + +#### Non-cluster training script + +Let's take [Deep Learning 101](http://www.paddlepaddle.org/docs/develop/book/01.fit_a_line/index.html)'s first chapter: "fit a line" as an example. + +This demo's non-cluster version with fluid API is as follows: + +``` python +import paddle.v2 as paddle +import paddle.v2.fluid as fluid + +x = fluid.layers.data(name='x', shape=[13], dtype='float32') +y_predict = fluid.layers.fc(input=x, size=1, act=None) +y = fluid.layers.data(name='y', shape=[1], dtype='float32') + +cost = fluid.layers.square_error_cost(input=y_predict, label=y) +avg_cost = fluid.layers.mean(x=cost) + +sgd_optimizer = fluid.optimizer.SGD(learning_rate=0.001) +sgd_optimizer.minimize(avg_cost) + +BATCH_SIZE = 20 + +train_reader = paddle.batch( + paddle.reader.shuffle( + paddle.dataset.uci_housing.train(), buf_size=500), + batch_size=BATCH_SIZE) + +place = fluid.CPUPlace() +feeder = fluid.DataFeeder(place=place, feed_list=[x, y]) +exe = fluid.Executor(place) + +exe.run(fluid.default_startup_program()) + +PASS_NUM = 100 +for pass_id in range(PASS_NUM): + fluid.io.save_persistables(exe, "./fit_a_line.model/") + fluid.io.load_persistables(exe, "./fit_a_line.model/") + for data in train_reader(): + avg_loss_value, = exe.run(fluid.default_main_program(), + feed=feeder.feed(data), + fetch_list=[avg_cost]) + + if avg_loss_value[0] < 10.0: + exit(0) # if avg cost less than 10.0, we think our code is good. +exit(1) +``` + +We created a simple fully connected neural networks training program and handed it to the fluid executor to run for 100 passes. + +Now let's try to convert it to a distributed version to run in a cluster. + +#### Introducing parameter server + +As you see from the non-cluster version of training script, there is only one role in it: the trainer, who does the computing as well as holding parameters. In cluster training, since multi-trainers are working on the same task, they need one centralized place to hold and distribute parameters. This centralized place is called the Parameter Server in PaddlePaddle. + + + +Parameter Server in fluid does not only hold parameters but is also assigned with a part of the program. Trainers communicate with parameter servers via send/receive OPs. For more tech detail, please refer to this [document](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/doc/design/dist_refactor/distributed_architecture.md). + +Now we need to create program for both trainers and parameter servers, the question is how? + +#### Slice the program + +Fluid provides a tool called "Distribute Transpiler" to automatically convert the non-cluster program into cluster program. + +The idea behind this tool is to find optimize OPs and gradient parameters, slice the program into 2 pieces and connect them with send/receive OP. + +Optimize OPs and gradient parameters can be found from the return values of optimizer's minimize function. + +To put them together: + +``` python +... #define the program, cost, and create sgd optimizer + +optimize_ops, params_grads = sgd_optimizer.minimize(avg_cost) #get optimize OPs and gradient parameters + +t = fluid.DistributeTranspiler() # create transpiler instance +# slice the program into 2 pieces with optimizer_ops and gradient parameters list, as well as pserver_endpoints, which is a comma separated list of [IP:PORT] and number of trainers +t.transpile(optimize_ops, params_grads, pservers=pserver_endpoints, trainers=2) + +... #create executor + +# in pserver, run this +#current_endpoint here means current pserver IP:PORT you wish to run on +pserver_prog = t.get_pserver_program(current_endpoint) +pserver_startup = t.get_startup_program(current_endpoint, pserver_prog) +exe.run(pserver_startup) +exe.run(pserver_prog) + +# in trainer, run this +... # define data reader +exe.run(fluid.default_startup_program()) +for pass_id in range(100): + for data in train_reader(): + exe.run(t.get_trainer_program()) + + +``` + +### E2E demo + +Please find the complete demo from [here](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/python/paddle/v2/fluid/tests/book_distribute/notest_dist_fit_a_line.py). In parameter server node run this in the command line: + +``` bash +PSERVERS=192.168.1.2:6174 SERVER_ENDPOINT=192.168.1.2:6174 TRAINING_ROLE=PSERVER python notest_dist_fit_a_line.py +``` + +*please note we assume that your parameter server runs at 192.168.1.2:6174* + +Wait until the prompt `Server listening on 192.168.1.2:6174` + +Then in 2 of your trainer node run this: + +``` bash +PSERVERS=192.168.1.2:6174 SERVER_ENDPOINT=192.168.1.2:6174 TRAINING_ROLE=TRAINER python notest_dist_fit_a_line.py +``` + +*the reason you need to run this command twice in 2 nodes is: in the script we set the trainer count to be 2. You can change this setting on line 50* + +Now you have 2 trainers and 1 parameter server up and running. diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/cluster/k8s_aws_cn.md b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/k8s_aws_cn.md new file mode 120000 index 0000000000..c44cd9a731 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/k8s_aws_cn.md @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +k8s_aws_en.md \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/k8s_aws_en.md b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/k8s_aws_en.md similarity index 98% rename from doc/howto/usage/k8s/k8s_aws_en.md rename to doc/howto/usage/cluster/k8s_aws_en.md index ce72b08038..0dfa8237a3 100644 --- a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/k8s_aws_en.md +++ b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/k8s_aws_en.md @@ -493,7 +493,7 @@ spec: spec: containers: - name: paddle-data - image: paddledev/paddle-tutorial:k8s_data + image: paddlepaddle/paddle-tutorial:k8s_data imagePullPolicy: Always volumeMounts: - mountPath: "/efs" @@ -522,7 +522,7 @@ NAME DESIRED SUCCESSFUL AGE paddle-data 1 1 6m ``` -Data preparation is done by docker image `paddledev/paddle-tutorial:k8s_data`, see [here](src/k8s_data/README.md) for how to build this docker image and source code. +Data preparation is done by docker image `paddlepaddle/paddle-tutorial:k8s_data`, see [here](src/k8s_data/README.md) for how to build this docker image and source code. #### Start Training @@ -545,7 +545,7 @@ spec: claimName: efsvol containers: - name: trainer - image: paddledev/paddle-tutorial:k8s_train + image: paddlepaddle/paddle-tutorial:k8s_train command: ["bin/bash", "-c", "/root/start.sh"] env: - name: JOB_NAME @@ -617,7 +617,7 @@ kubectl --kubeconfig=kubeconfig log -f POD_NAME Run `kubectl --kubeconfig=kubeconfig describe job paddle-cluster-job` to check training job status. It will complete in around 20 minutes. -The details for start `pserver` and `trainer` are hidden inside docker image `paddledev/paddle-tutorial:k8s_train`, see [here](src/k8s_train/README.md) for how to build the docker image and source code. +The details for start `pserver` and `trainer` are hidden inside docker image `paddlepaddle/paddle-tutorial:k8s_train`, see [here](src/k8s_train/README.md) for how to build the docker image and source code. #### Inspect Training Output diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/k8s_cn.md b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/k8s_cn.md similarity index 83% rename from doc/howto/usage/k8s/k8s_cn.md rename to doc/howto/usage/cluster/k8s_cn.md index ab07cb9cd5..c1a11f7165 100644 --- a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/k8s_cn.md +++ b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/k8s_cn.md @@ -1,21 +1,22 @@ # Kubernetes单机训练 -在这篇文档里，我们介绍如何在 Kubernetes 集群上启动一个单机使用CPU的Paddle训练作业。在下一篇中，我们将介绍如何启动分布式训练作业。 +在这篇文档里，我们介绍如何在 Kubernetes 集群上启动一个单机使用CPU的PaddlePaddle训练作业。在下一篇中，我们将介绍如何启动分布式训练作业。 ## 制作Docker镜像 -在一个功能齐全的Kubernetes机群里，通常我们会安装Ceph等分布式文件系统来存储训练数据。这样的话，一个分布式Paddle训练任务中的每个进程都可以从Ceph读取数据。在这个例子里，我们只演示一个单机作业，所以可以简化对环境的要求，把训练数据直接放在 -Paddle的Docker image里。为此，我们需要制作一个包含训练数据的Paddle镜像。 +在一个功能齐全的Kubernetes机群里，通常我们会安装Ceph等分布式文件系统来存储训练数据。这样的话，一个分布式PaddlePaddle训练任务中 +的每个进程都可以从Ceph读取数据。在这个例子里，我们只演示一个单机作业，所以可以简化对环境的要求，把训练数据直接放在 +PaddlePaddle的Docker Image里。为此，我们需要制作一个包含训练数据的PaddlePaddle镜像。 + +PaddlePaddle的 `paddlepaddle/paddle:cpu-demo-latest` 镜像里有PaddlePaddle的源码与demo， +（请注意，默认的PaddlePaddle生产环境镜像 `paddlepaddle/paddle:latest` 是不包括源码的，PaddlePaddle的各版本镜像可以参考 +[Docker Installation Guide](http://paddlepaddle.org/docs/develop/documentation/zh/getstarted/build_and_install/docker_install_cn.html)）， +下面我们使用这个镜像来下载数据到Docker Container中，并把这个包含了训练数据的Container保存为一个新的镜像。 -Paddle 的 [Quick Start Tutorial](http://www.paddlepaddle.org/doc/demo/quick_start/index_en.html) -里介绍了用Paddle源码中的脚本下载训练数据的过程。 -而 `paddledev/paddle:cpu-demo-latest` 镜像里有 Paddle 源码与demo，（ 请注意，默认的 -Paddle镜像 `paddledev/paddle:cpu-latest` 是不包括源码的, Paddle的各版本镜像可以参考 [Docker installation guide](http://www.paddlepaddle.org/doc/build/docker_install.html) ），所以我们使用这个镜像来下载训练数据到Docker container中，然后把这个包含了训练数据的container保存为一个新的镜像。 - ### 运行容器 ``` -$ docker run --name quick_start_data -it paddledev/paddle:cpu-demo-latest +$ docker run --name quick_start_data -it paddlepaddle/paddle:cpu-demo-latest ``` ### 下载数据 @@ -103,7 +104,7 @@ spec: restartPolicy: Never ``` -### 创建Paddle Job +### 创建PaddlePaddle Job 使用上文创建的yaml文件创建Kubernetes Job，命令为： diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/k8s_distributed_cn.md b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/k8s_distributed_cn.md similarity index 88% rename from doc/howto/usage/k8s/k8s_distributed_cn.md rename to doc/howto/usage/cluster/k8s_distributed_cn.md index a9bebf0955..167089b807 100644 --- a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/k8s_distributed_cn.md +++ b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/k8s_distributed_cn.md @@ -1,8 +1,6 @@ # Kubernetes分布式训练 -前一篇文章介绍了如何在Kubernetes集群上启动一个单机PaddlePaddle训练作业 (Job)。在这篇文章里，我们介绍如何在Kubernetes集群上进行分布式PaddlePaddle训练作业。关于PaddlePaddle的分布式训练，文章 [Cluster Training](https://github.com/baidu/Paddle/blob/develop/doc/cluster/opensource/cluster_train.md)介绍了一种通过SSH远程分发任务，进行分布式训练的方法，与此不同的是，本文将介绍在Kubernetes容器管理平台上快速构建PaddlePaddle容器集群，进行分布式训练的方案。 - -有关Kubernetes相关概念以及如何搭建和配置Kubernetes集群，可以参考[k8s_basis](./k8s_basis_cn.md)。 +前一篇文章介绍了如何在Kubernetes集群上启动一个单机PaddlePaddle训练作业 (Job)。在这篇文章里，我们介绍如何在Kubernetes集群上进行分布式PaddlePaddle训练作业。关于PaddlePaddle的分布式训练，文章 [Cluster Training](http://www.paddlepaddle.org/docs/develop/documentation/zh/howto/usage/cluster/cluster_train_cn.html)介绍了一种通过SSH远程分发任务，进行分布式训练的方法，与此不同的是，本文将介绍在Kubernetes容器管理平台上快速构建PaddlePaddle容器集群，进行分布式训练的方案。 ## 整体方案 @@ -28,7 +26,7 @@ PaddlePaddle镜像需要提供`paddle pserver`与`paddle train`进程的运行 - 拷贝训练文件到容器内 - 生成`paddle pserver`与`paddle train`进程的启动参数，并且启动训练 -因为官方镜像 `paddledev/paddle:cpu-latest` 内已经包含PaddlePaddle的执行程序但是还没上述功能，所以我们可以在这个基础上，添加启动脚本，制作新镜像来完成以上的工作。参考镜像的[*Dockerfile*](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/doc/howto/usage/cluster/k8s/src/k8s_train/Dockerfile)。 +因为官方镜像 `paddlepaddle/paddle:latest` 内已经包含PaddlePaddle的执行程序但是还没上述功能，所以我们可以在这个基础上，添加启动脚本，制作新镜像来完成以上的工作。参考镜像的[*Dockerfile*](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/k8s_train/Dockerfile)。 ```bash $ cd doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/k8s_train @@ -62,7 +60,7 @@ spec: hostNetwork: true containers: - name: paddle-data - image: paddledev/paddle-tutorial:k8s_data + image: paddlepaddle/paddle-tutorial:k8s_data imagePullPolicy: Always volumeMounts: - mountPath: "/mnt" @@ -149,20 +147,19 @@ spec: 文件中，`metadata`下的`name`表示这个job的名字。`parallelism，completions`字段表示这个job会同时开启3个PaddlePaddle节点，成功训练且退出的pod数目为3时，这个job才算成功结束。然后申明一个存储卷`jobpath`，代表宿主机目录`/home/work/mfs`，在对容器的描述`containers`字段中，将此目录挂载为容器的`/home/jobpath`目录，这样容器的`/home/jobpath`目录就成为了共享存储，放在这个目录里的文件其实是保存到了MFS上。 -`env`字段表示容器的环境变量，我们将`paddle`运行的一些参数通过这种方式传递到容器内。 +`env`字段表示容器的环境变量，我们将`paddle`运行的一些参数通过这种方式传递到容器内： + -环境变量 | 说明 ---- | --- -JOB_PATH | 共享存储挂在的路径 -JOB_NAME | Job的名字 -TRAIN_CONFIG_DIR | 本次训练文件所在目录，与JOB_PATH,JOB_NAME组合可以找到本次训练需要的文件路径 -CONF_PADDLE_NIC | `paddle pserver`进程需要的`--nics`参数，即网卡名 -CONF_PADDLE_PORT | `paddle paserver`的`--port`参数 -CONF_PADDLE_PORTS_NUM | 稠密更新的端口数量，即`--ports_num`参数 -CONF_PADDLE_PORTS_NUM_SPARSE | 稀疏更新的端口数量，即`--ports_num_for_sparse`参数 -CONF_PADDLE_GRADIENT_NUM | 训练节点数量，即`--num_gradient_servers参数` +- JOB_PATH：共享存储挂在的路径 +- JOB_NAME：Job的名字 +- TRAIN_CONFIG_DIR：本次训练文件所在目录，与JOB_PATH,JOB_NAME组合可以找到本次训练需要的文件路径 +- CONF_PADDLE_NIC：`paddle pserver`进程需要的`--nics`参数，即网卡名 +- CONF_PADDLE_PORT：`paddle paserver`的`--port`参数 +- CONF_PADDLE_PORTS_NUM：稠密更新的端口数量，即`--ports_num`参数 +- CONF_PADDLE_PORTS_NUM_SPARSE：稀疏更新的端口数量，即`--ports_num_for_sparse`参数 +- CONF_PADDLE_GRADIENT_NUM：训练节点数量，即`--num_gradient_servers参数` -这些参数的具体描述，读者可以查看[这里](http://www.paddlepaddle.org/doc/ui/cmd_argument/detail_introduction.html#parameter-server-and-distributed-communication)。 +这些参数的具体描述，读者可以查看[这里](http://www.paddlepaddle.org/docs/develop/documentation/zh/howto/usage/cmd_parameter/detail_introduction_cn.html)。 编写完YAML文件后，可以使用Kubernetes的命令行工具创建job。 diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/k8s_en.md b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/k8s_en.md similarity index 79% rename from doc/howto/usage/k8s/k8s_en.md rename to doc/howto/usage/cluster/k8s_en.md index 0c3ab05b70..c374f00a49 100644 --- a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/k8s_en.md +++ b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/k8s_en.md @@ -1,18 +1,27 @@ -# Paddle On Kubernetes +# PaddlePaddle On Kubernetes ->In this article, we will introduce how to run Paddle training job on single CPU machine using Kubernetes. In next article, we will introduce how to run Paddle training job on distributed cluster. +In this article, we will introduce how to run PaddlePaddle training job on single CPU machine using Kubernetes. In next article, we will introduce how to run PaddlePaddle training job on distributed cluster. ## Build Docker Image -In distributed Kubernetes cluster, we will use Ceph or other shared storage system for storing training related data so that all processes in Paddle training can retrieve data from Ceph. In this example, we will only demo training job on single machine. In order to simplify the requirement of the environment, we will directly put training data into Paddle's Docker Image, so we need to create a Paddle Docker image that already includes the training data. +In distributed Kubernetes cluster, we will use Ceph or other distributed +storage system for storing training related data so that all processes in +PaddlePaddle training can retrieve data from Ceph. In this example, we will +only demo training job on single machine. In order to simplify the requirement +of the environment, we will directly put training data into the PaddlePaddle Docker Image, +so we need to create a PaddlePaddle Docker image that includes the training data. + +The production Docker Image `paddlepaddle/paddle:cpu-demo-latest` has the PaddlePaddle +source code and demo. (Caution: Default PaddlePaddle Docker Image `paddlepaddle/paddle:latest` doesn't include +the source code, PaddlePaddle's different versions of Docker Image can be referred here: +[Docker Installation Guide](http://paddlepaddle.org/docs/develop/documentation/zh/getstarted/build_and_install/docker_install_en.html)), +so we run this Docker Image and download the training data, and then commit the whole +Container to be a new Docker Image. -Paddle's [Quick Start Tutorial](http://www.paddlepaddle.org/doc/demo/quick_start/index_en.html) introduces how to download and train data by using script from Paddle's source code. -And `paddledev/paddle:cpu-demo-latest` image has the Paddle source code and demo. (Caution: Default Paddle image `paddledev/paddle:cpu-latest` doesn't include the source code, Paddle's different versions of image can be referred here: [Docker installation guide](http://www.paddlepaddle.org/doc/build/docker_install.html)), so we run this container and download the training data, and then commit the whole container to be a new Docker image. - ### Run Docker Container ``` -$ docker run --name quick_start_data -it paddledev/paddle:cpu-demo-latest +$ docker run --name quick_start_data -it paddlepaddle/paddle:cpu-demo-latest ``` ### Download Training Data @@ -67,7 +76,7 @@ $ docker commit quick_start_data mypaddle/paddle:quickstart ## Use Kubernetes For Training ->We will use Kubernetes job for training process, following steps shows how to do the training with Kubernetes. +We will use Kubernetes job for training process, following steps shows how to do the training with Kubernetes. ### Create Yaml Files @@ -99,7 +108,7 @@ spec: restartPolicy: Never ``` -### Start Paddle Job +### Start PaddlePaddle Job Using the above yaml file to start the Kubernetes job. diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/cluster/openmpi_cn.md b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/openmpi_cn.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..831cafdc03 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/openmpi_cn.md @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +# 在OpenMPI集群中提交训练作业 + +## 准备OpenMPI集群 + +执行下面的命令以启动3个节点的OpenMPI集群和一个"head"节点： + +```bash +paddle/scripts/cluster_train_v2/openmpi/docker_cluster +kubectl create -f head.yaml +kubectl create -f mpi-nodes.yaml +``` + +然后可以从head节点ssh无密码登录到OpenMPI的每个节点上。 + +## 启动集群作业 + +您可以按照下面的步骤在OpenMPI集群中提交paddle训练任务： + +```bash +# 获得head和node节点的IP地址 +kubectl get po -o wide +# 将node节点的IP地址保存到machines文件中 +kubectl get po -o wide | grep nodes | awk '{print $6}' > machines +# 拷贝必要的文件到head节点 +scp -i ssh/id_rsa.mpi.pub machines prepare.py train.py start_mpi_train.sh tutorial@[headIP]:~ +# ssh 登录到head节点 +ssh -i ssh/id_rsa.mpi.pub tutorial@[headIP] +# --------------- 以下操作均在head节点中执行 --------------- +# 准备训练数据 +python prepare.py +# 拷贝训练程序和字典文件到每台MPI节点 +cat machines | xargs -i scp word_dict.pickle train.py start_mpi_train.sh machines {}:/home/tutorial +# 创建日志目录 +mpirun -hostfile machines -n 3 mkdir /home/tutorial/logs +# 拷贝训练数据到各自的节点 +scp train.txt-00000 test.txt-00000 [node1IP]:/home/tutorial +scp train.txt-00001 test.txt-00001 [node2IP]:/home/tutorial +scp train.txt-00002 test.txt-00002 [node3IP]:/home/tutorial +# 启动训练任务 +mpirun -hostfile machines -n 3 /home/tutorial/start_mpi_train.sh +``` diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/cluster/openmpi_en.md b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/openmpi_en.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..09af46e25e --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/openmpi_en.md @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +# Cluster Training Using OpenMPI + +## Prepare an OpenMPI cluster + +Run the following command to start a 3-node MPI cluster and one "head" node. + +```bash +cd paddle/scripts/cluster_train_v2/openmpi/docker_cluster +kubectl create -f head.yaml +kubectl create -f mpi-nodes.yaml +``` + +Then you can log in to every OpenMPI node using ssh without input any passwords. + +## Launching Cluster Job + +Follow the steps to launch a PaddlePaddle training job in OpenMPI cluster:\ + +```bash +# find out node IP addresses +kubectl get po -o wide +# generate a "machines" file containing node IP addresses +kubectl get po -o wide | grep nodes | awk '{print $6}' > machines +# copy necessary files onto "head" node +scp -i ssh/id_rsa.mpi.pub machines prepare.py train.py start_mpi_train.sh tutorial@[headIP]:~ +# login to head node using ssh +ssh -i ssh/id_rsa.mpi.pub tutorial@[headIP] +# --------------- in head node --------------- +# prepare training data +python prepare.py +# copy training data and dict file to MPI nodes +cat machines | xargs -i scp word_dict.pickle train.py start_mpi_train.sh machines {}:/home/tutorial +# creat a directory for storing log files +mpirun -hostfile machines -n 3 mkdir /home/tutorial/logs +# copy training data to every node +scp train.txt-00000 test.txt-00000 [node1IP]:/home/tutorial +scp train.txt-00001 test.txt-00001 [node2IP]:/home/tutorial +scp train.txt-00002 test.txt-00002 [node3IP]:/home/tutorial +# start the job +mpirun -hostfile machines -n 3 /home/tutorial/start_mpi_train.sh +``` diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/Dockerfile b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/Dockerfile similarity index 54% rename from doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/Dockerfile rename to doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/Dockerfile index 3a73606c61..e178bf4da0 100644 --- a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/Dockerfile +++ b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/Dockerfile @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -FROM paddledev/paddle:cpu-latest +FROM paddlepaddle/paddle:latest MAINTAINER zjsxzong89@gmail.com diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/add_security_group.png b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/add_security_group.png similarity index 100% rename from doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/add_security_group.png rename to doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/add_security_group.png diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/create_efs.png b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/create_efs.png similarity index 100% rename from doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/create_efs.png rename to doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/create_efs.png diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/efs_mount.png b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/efs_mount.png similarity index 100% rename from doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/efs_mount.png rename to doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/efs_mount.png diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/k8s-paddle-arch.png b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/k8s-paddle-arch.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..b3800c4fe8 Binary files /dev/null and b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/k8s-paddle-arch.png differ diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/k8s_data/Dockerfile b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/k8s_data/Dockerfile similarity index 100% rename from doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/k8s_data/Dockerfile rename to doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/k8s_data/Dockerfile diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/k8s_data/README.md b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/k8s_data/README.md similarity index 100% rename from doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/k8s_data/README.md rename to doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/k8s_data/README.md diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/k8s_data/get_data.sh b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/k8s_data/get_data.sh similarity index 100% rename from doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/k8s_data/get_data.sh rename to doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/k8s_data/get_data.sh diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/k8s_train/Dockerfile b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/k8s_train/Dockerfile similarity index 77% rename from doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/k8s_train/Dockerfile rename to doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/k8s_train/Dockerfile index c0fca1f9a9..77f021a89a 100644 --- a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/k8s_train/Dockerfile +++ b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/k8s_train/Dockerfile @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -FROM paddledev/paddle:cpu-latest +FROM paddlepaddle/paddle:latest COPY start.sh /root/ COPY start_paddle.py /root/ diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/k8s_train/README.md b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/k8s_train/README.md similarity index 100% rename from doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/k8s_train/README.md rename to doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/k8s_train/README.md diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/k8s_train/start.sh b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/k8s_train/start.sh similarity index 100% rename from doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/k8s_train/start.sh rename to doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/k8s_train/start.sh diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/k8s_train/start_paddle.py b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/k8s_train/start_paddle.py similarity index 90% rename from doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/k8s_train/start_paddle.py rename to doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/k8s_train/start_paddle.py index 935c12bb67..1774f8b640 100755 --- a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/k8s_train/start_paddle.py +++ b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/k8s_train/start_paddle.py @@ -1,3 +1,16 @@ +# Copyright (c) 2018 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve. +# +#Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); +#you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. +#You may obtain a copy of the License at +# +# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 +# +#Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software +#distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, +#WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. +#See the License for the specific language governing permissions and +#limitations under the License. #!/usr/bin/python # Copyright (c) 2016 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserved # diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/managed_policy.png b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/managed_policy.png similarity index 100% rename from doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/managed_policy.png rename to doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/managed_policy.png diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/pserver_and_trainer.png b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/pserver_and_trainer.png similarity index 100% rename from doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/pserver_and_trainer.png rename to doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/pserver_and_trainer.png diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/route53_create_recordset.png b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/route53_create_recordset.png similarity index 100% rename from doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/route53_create_recordset.png rename to doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/route53_create_recordset.png diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/route53_create_zone.png b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/route53_create_zone.png similarity index 100% rename from doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/route53_create_zone.png rename to doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/route53_create_zone.png diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/word2vec/api_train_v2.py b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/word2vec/api_train_v2.py index c0940f0e56..d449e02023 100644 --- a/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/word2vec/api_train_v2.py +++ b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/word2vec/api_train_v2.py @@ -1,3 +1,16 @@ +# Copyright (c) 2018 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve. +# +#Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); +#you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. +#You may obtain a copy of the License at +# +# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 +# +#Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software +#distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, +#WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. +#See the License for the specific language governing permissions and +#limitations under the License. import gzip import math diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/word2vec/api_train_v2_cluster.py b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/word2vec/api_train_v2_cluster.py index 2e6d888712..a5dd347f0b 100644 --- a/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/word2vec/api_train_v2_cluster.py +++ b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/word2vec/api_train_v2_cluster.py @@ -1,3 +1,16 @@ +# Copyright (c) 2018 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve. +# +#Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); +#you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. +#You may obtain a copy of the License at +# +# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 +# +#Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software +#distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, +#WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. +#See the License for the specific language governing permissions and +#limitations under the License. import math import os import paddle.v2 as paddle diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/worker_security_group.png b/doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/worker_security_group.png similarity index 100% rename from doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/worker_security_group.png rename to doc/howto/usage/cluster/src/worker_security_group.png diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/k8s_basis_cn.md b/doc/howto/usage/k8s/k8s_basis_cn.md deleted file mode 100644 index 4c3dc81ed3..0000000000 --- a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/k8s_basis_cn.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,75 +0,0 @@ -# Kubernetes 简介 - -[*Kubernetes*](http://kubernetes.io/)是Google开源的容器集群管理系统，其提供应用部署、维护、扩展机制等功能，利用Kubernetes能方便地管理跨机器运行容器化的应用。Kubernetes可以在物理机或虚拟机上运行，且支持部署到[AWS](http://kubernetes.io/docs/getting-started-guides/aws)，[Azure](http://kubernetes.io/docs/getting-started-guides/azure/)，[GCE](http://kubernetes.io/docs/getting-started-guides/gce)等多种公有云环境。介绍分布式训练之前，需要对[Kubernetes](http://kubernetes.io/)有一个基本的认识，下面先简要介绍一下本文用到的几个Kubernetes概念。 - -- [*Node*](http://kubernetes.io/docs/admin/node/) 表示一个Kubernetes集群中的一个工作节点，这个节点可以是物理机或者虚拟机，Kubernetes集群就是由node节点与master节点组成的。 - -- [*Pod*](http://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/pods/) 是一组(一个或多个)容器，pod是Kubernetes的最小调度单元，一个pod中的所有容器会被调度到同一个node上。Pod中的容器共享NET，PID，IPC，UTS等Linux namespace。由于容器之间共享NET namespace，所以它们使用同一个IP地址，可以通过*localhost*互相通信。不同pod之间可以通过IP地址访问。 - -- [*Job*](http://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/jobs/) 描述Kubernetes上运行的作业，一次作业称为一个job，通常每个job包括一个或者多个pods，job启动后会创建这些pod并开始执行一个程序，等待这个程序执行成功并返回0则成功退出，如果执行失败，也可以配置不同的重试机制。 - -- [*Volume*](http://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/volumes/) 存储卷，是pod内的容器都可以访问的共享目录，也是容器与node之间共享文件的方式，因为容器内的文件都是暂时存在的，当容器因为各种原因被销毁时，其内部的文件也会随之消失。通过volume，就可以将这些文件持久化存储。Kubernetes支持多种volume，例如hostPath(宿主机目录)，gcePersistentDisk，awsElasticBlockStore等。 - -- [*Namespaces*](https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/namespaces/) 命名空间，在kubernetes中创建的所有资源对象(例如上文的pod，job)等都属于一个命名空间，在同一个命名空间中，资源对象的名字是唯一的，不同空间的资源名可以重复，命名空间主要为了对象进行逻辑上的分组便于管理。本文只使用了默认命名空间。 - -- [*PersistentVolume*](https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/persistent-volumes/): 和[*PersistentVolumeClaim*](https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/persistent-volumes/#persistentvolumeclaims)结合，将外部的存储服务在Kubernetes中描述成为统一的资源形式，便于存储资源管理和Pod引用。 - -## 部署Kubernetes集群 - -Kubernetes提供了多种集群部署的方案，本文档内不重复介绍。这里给出集中常见的部署方法： - -- [*minikube*](https://kubernetes.io/docs/getting-started-guides/minikube/): 快速在本地启动一个单机的kubernetes服务器，便于本地验证和测试。 -- [*kubeadm*](http://kubernetes.io/docs/getting-started-guides/kubeadm/): 在不同操作系统，不同主机(Bare-Metal, AWS, GCE)条件下，快速部署集群。 -- [*AWS EC2*](https://kubernetes.io/docs/getting-started-guides/aws/): 在aws上快速部署集群。 -- [*Bare-Metal*](https://kubernetes.io/docs/getting-started-guides/centos/centos_manual_config/): 在物理机上手动部署。 - -可以参考[这个表格](https://kubernetes.io/docs/getting-started-guides/#table-of-solutions)选择适合您的场景的合适方案。 - -## 选择存储方案 - -容器不会保留在运行时生成的数据，job或者应用程序在容器中运行时生成的数据会在容器销毁时消失。为了完成分布式机器学习训练任务，需要有一个外部的存储服务来保存训练所需数据和训练输出。 -常见的可选存储服务包括： - -- [*NFS*](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/examples/volumes/nfs): 可以将磁盘上某个目录共享给网络中其他机器访问。部署和配置比较简单，可以用于小量数据的验证。不提供分布式存储，高可用，冗余等功能。NFS的部署方法可以参考[这里](http://www.tecmint.com/how-to-setup-nfs-server-in-linux/)。 -- [*GlusterFS*](http://gluster.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Quick-Start-Guide/Quickstart/): 网络分布式文件系统，可以在Kubernetes中按照[这个](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/examples/volumes/glusterfs)例子使用。 -- [*Ceph*](http://docs.ceph.com/docs/master/): 分布式文件系统，支持rbd，POSIX API接口(ceph fs)和对象存储API，参考[这里](https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/volumes/#rbd)。 -- [*MooseFS*](https://moosefs.com/documentation.html): 一个分布式的存储系统。需要先挂载到服务器Node上再通过kubernetes hostPath Volume挂载到容器中。 - -## 配置kubectl - -### 安装kubectl -``` -# OS X -curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/$(curl -s https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/stable.txt)/bin/darwin/amd64/kubectl - -# Linux -curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/$(curl -s https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl - -# Windows -curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/$(curl -s https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/stable.txt)/bin/windows/amd64/kubectl.exe -``` - -### 配置kubectl访问你的kubernetes集群 - -编辑`~/.kube/config`这个配置文件，修改`Master-IP`的地址。如果使用SSL认证，则需要配置`certificate-authority`和`users`中的用户证书。如果是使用非SSL方式访问（比如通过8080端口），也可以去掉这些证书的配置。 -``` -apiVersion: v1 -clusters: -- cluster: - certificate-authority: /path/to/ca.crt - server: https://[Master-IP]:443 - name: minikube -contexts: -- context: - cluster: minikube - user: minikube - name: minikube -current-context: minikube -kind: Config -preferences: {} -users: -- name: minikube - user: - client-certificate: /path/to/apiserver.crt - client-key: /Users/wuyi/.minikube/apiserver.key -``` diff --git a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/k8s-paddle-arch.png b/doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/k8s-paddle-arch.png deleted file mode 100644 index 2183a232ad..0000000000 Binary files a/doc/howto/usage/k8s/src/k8s-paddle-arch.png and /dev/null differ diff --git a/doc/mobile/cross_compiling_for_android_cn.md b/doc/mobile/cross_compiling_for_android_cn.md index 424d7718c6..ae24ced770 100644 --- a/doc/mobile/cross_compiling_for_android_cn.md +++ b/doc/mobile/cross_compiling_for_android_cn.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ # Android平台编译指南 用户可通过如下两种方式，交叉编译Android平台上适用的PaddlePaddle库： -- 基于Docker容器的编译方式 -- 基于Linux交叉编译环境的编译方式 + +- [基于Docker容器的编译方式](#基于docker容器的编译方式) +- [基于Linux交叉编译环境的编译方式](#基于linux交叉编译环境的编译方式) ## 基于Docker容器的编译方式 Docker能在所有主要操作系统（包括Linux，Mac OS X和Windows）上运行，因此，使用基于Docker容器的编译方式，用户可在自己熟悉的开发平台上编译Android平台上适用的PaddlePaddle库。 @@ -16,6 +17,12 @@ $ cd Paddle $ docker build -t username/paddle-android:dev . -f Dockerfile.android ``` +用户也可以使用PaddlePaddle提供的官方开发镜像： + +```bash +$ docker pull paddlepaddle/paddle:latest-dev-android +``` + ### 编译PaddlePaddle C-API库 构建好开发镜像后，即可使用开发镜像来编译Android版PaddlePaddle C-API库。 Android的Docker开发镜像向用户提供两个可配置的参数： @@ -41,23 +48,25 @@ Android的Docker开发镜像向用户提供两个可配置的参数：
| IOS_PLATFORM | +IOS_ARCH | +
|---|---|
| OS | +armv7, armv7s, arm64 | +
| SIMULATOR | +i386, x86_64 | +
- Figure 1. GAN-Model-Structure - figure credit -
- -The generator and discriminator take turn to be trained using SGD. The objective function of the generator is for its generated images being classified as real by the discriminator, and the objective function of the discriminator is to correctly classify real and fake images. When the GAN model is trained to converge to the equilibrium state, the generator will transform the given noise distribution to the distribution of real images, and the discriminator will not be able to distinguish between real and fake images at all. - -## Implementation of GAN Model Structure -Since GAN model involves multiple neural networks, it requires to use paddle python API. So the code walk-through below can also partially serve as an introduction to the usage of Paddle Python API. - -There are three networks defined in gan_conf.py, namely **generator_training**, **discriminator_training** and **generator**. The relationship to the model structure we defined above is that **discriminator_training** is the discriminator, **generator** is the generator, and the **generator_training** combined the generator and discriminator since training generator would require the discriminator to provide loss function. This relationship is described in the following code: -```python -if is_generator_training: - noise = data_layer(name="noise", size=noise_dim) - sample = generator(noise) - -if is_discriminator_training: - sample = data_layer(name="sample", size=sample_dim) - -if is_generator_training or is_discriminator_training: - label = data_layer(name="label", size=1) - prob = discriminator(sample) - cost = cross_entropy(input=prob, label=label) - classification_error_evaluator( - input=prob, label=label, name=mode + '_error') - outputs(cost) - -if is_generator: - noise = data_layer(name="noise", size=noise_dim) - outputs(generator(noise)) -``` - -In order to train the networks defined in gan_conf.py, one first needs to initialize a Paddle environment, parse the config, create GradientMachine from the config and create trainer from GradientMachine as done in the code chunk below: -```python -import py_paddle.swig_paddle as api -# init paddle environment -api.initPaddle('--use_gpu=' + use_gpu, '--dot_period=10', - '--log_period=100', '--gpu_id=' + args.gpu_id, - '--save_dir=' + "./%s_params/" % data_source) - -# Parse config -gen_conf = parse_config(conf, "mode=generator_training,data=" + data_source) -dis_conf = parse_config(conf, "mode=discriminator_training,data=" + data_source) -generator_conf = parse_config(conf, "mode=generator,data=" + data_source) - -# Create GradientMachine -dis_training_machine = api.GradientMachine.createFromConfigProto( -dis_conf.model_config) -gen_training_machine = api.GradientMachine.createFromConfigProto( -gen_conf.model_config) -generator_machine = api.GradientMachine.createFromConfigProto( -generator_conf.model_config) - -# Create trainer -dis_trainer = api.Trainer.create(dis_conf, dis_training_machine) -gen_trainer = api.Trainer.create(gen_conf, gen_training_machine) -``` - -In order to balance the strength between generator and discriminator, we schedule to train whichever one is performing worse by comparing their loss function value. The loss function value can be calculated by a forward pass through the GradientMachine. -```python -def get_training_loss(training_machine, inputs): - outputs = api.Arguments.createArguments(0) - training_machine.forward(inputs, outputs, api.PASS_TEST) - loss = outputs.getSlotValue(0).copyToNumpyMat() - return numpy.mean(loss) -``` - -After training one network, one needs to sync the new parameters to the other networks. The code below demonstrates one example of such use case: -```python -# Train the gen_training -gen_trainer.trainOneDataBatch(batch_size, data_batch_gen) - -# Copy the parameters from gen_training to dis_training and generator -copy_shared_parameters(gen_training_machine, -dis_training_machine) -copy_shared_parameters(gen_training_machine, generator_machine) -``` - - -## A Toy Example -With the infrastructure explained above, we can now walk you through a toy example of generating two dimensional uniform distribution using 10 dimensional Gaussian noise. - -The Gaussian noises are generated using the code below: -```python -def get_noise(batch_size, noise_dim): - return numpy.random.normal(size=(batch_size, noise_dim)).astype('float32') -``` - -The real samples (2-D uniform) are generated using the code below: -```python -# synthesize 2-D uniform data in gan_trainer.py:114 -def load_uniform_data(): - data = numpy.random.rand(1000000, 2).astype('float32') - return data -``` - -The generator and discriminator network are built using fully-connected layer and batch_norm layer, and are defined in gan_conf.py. - -To train the GAN model, one can use the command below. The flag -d specifies the training data (cifar, mnist or uniform) and flag --useGpu specifies whether to use gpu for training (0 is cpu, 1 is gpu). -```bash -$python gan_trainer.py -d uniform --useGpu 1 -``` -The generated samples can be found in ./uniform_samples/ and one example is shown below as Figure 2. One can see that it roughly recovers the 2D uniform distribution. - -- Figure 2. Uniform Sample -
- -## MNIST Example -### Data preparation -To download the MNIST data, one can use the following commands: -```bash -$cd data/ -$./get_mnist_data.sh -``` - -### Model description -Following the DC-Gan paper (https://arxiv.org/abs/1511.06434), we use convolution/convolution-transpose layer in the discriminator/generator network to better deal with images. The details of the network structures are defined in gan_conf_image.py. - -### Training the model -To train the GAN model on mnist data, one can use the following command: -```bash -$python gan_trainer.py -d mnist --useGpu 1 -``` -The generated sample images can be found at ./mnist_samples/ and one example is shown below as Figure 3. -- Figure 3. MNIST Sample -
diff --git a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/gan/mnist_sample.png b/doc/v1_api_tutorials/gan/mnist_sample.png deleted file mode 100644 index f9c7bf7ddd..0000000000 Binary files a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/gan/mnist_sample.png and /dev/null differ diff --git a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/gan/uniform_sample.png b/doc/v1_api_tutorials/gan/uniform_sample.png deleted file mode 100644 index e716c48e78..0000000000 Binary files a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/gan/uniform_sample.png and /dev/null differ diff --git a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/imagenet_model/resnet_block.jpg b/doc/v1_api_tutorials/imagenet_model/resnet_block.jpg deleted file mode 100644 index e16bd3c624..0000000000 Binary files a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/imagenet_model/resnet_block.jpg and /dev/null differ diff --git a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/imagenet_model/resnet_model_cn.md b/doc/v1_api_tutorials/imagenet_model/resnet_model_cn.md deleted file mode 100644 index 82ec9d70b3..0000000000 --- a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/imagenet_model/resnet_model_cn.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,284 +0,0 @@ -# Model Zoo - ImageNet # - -[ImageNet](http://www.image-net.org/) 是通用物体分类领域一个众所周知的数据库。本教程提供了一个用于ImageNet上的卷积分类网络模型。 - -## ResNet 介绍 - -论文 [Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition](http://arxiv.org/abs/1512.03385) 中提出的ResNet网络结构在2015年ImageNet大规模视觉识别竞赛(ILSVRC 2015)的分类任务中赢得了第一名。他们提出残差学习的框架来简化网络的训练，所构建网络结构的的深度比之前使用的网络有大幅度的提高。下图展示的是基于残差的连接方式。左图构造网络模块的方式被用于34层的网络中，而右图的瓶颈连接模块用于50层，101层和152层的网络结构中。 - -| ResNet | -Top-1 | -Model Size | -
|---|---|---|
| ResNet-50 | -24.9% | -99M | -
| ResNet-101 | -23.7% | -173M | -
| ResNet-152 | -23.2% | -234M | -
- -## ResNet 模型 - -50层，101层和152层的网络配置文件可参照```demo/model_zoo/resnet/resnet.py```。你也可以通过在命令行参数中增加一个参数如```--config_args=layer_num=50```来指定网络层的数目。 - -### 网络可视化 - -你可以通过执行下面的命令来得到ResNet网络的结构可视化图。该脚本会生成一个dot文件，然后可以转换为图片。需要安装graphviz来转换dot文件为图片。 - -``` -cd demo/model_zoo/resnet -./net_diagram.sh -``` - -### 模型下载 - -``` -cd demo/model_zoo/resnet -./get_model.sh -``` -你可以执行上述命令来下载所有的模型和均值文件，如果下载成功，这些文件将会被保存在```demo/model_zoo/resnet/model```路径下。 - -``` -mean_meta_224 resnet_101 resnet_152 resnet_50 -``` - * resnet_50: 50层网络模型。 - * resnet_101: 101层网络模型。 - * resnet_152: 152层网络模型。 - * mean\_meta\_224: 均值图像文件，图像大小为3 x 224 x 224，颜色通道顺序为**BGR**。你也可以使用这三个值: 103.939, 116.779, 123.68。 - -### 参数信息 - -* **卷积层权重** - - 由于每个卷积层后面连接的是batch normalization层，因此该层中没有偏置(bias)参数，并且只有一个权重。 - 形状: `(Co, ky, kx, Ci)` - * Co: 输出特征图的通道数目 - * ky: 滤波器核在垂直方向上的尺寸 - * kx: 滤波器核在水平方向上的尺寸 - * Ci: 输入特征图的通道数目 - - 二维矩阵: (Co * ky * kx, Ci), 行优先次序存储。 - -* **全连接层权重** - - 二维矩阵: (输入层尺寸, 本层尺寸), 行优先次序存储。 - -* **[Batch Normalization](
| 参数名 | -尺寸 | -含义 | -
|---|---|---|
| _res2_1_branch1_bn.w0 | -256 | -gamma, 缩放参数 | -
| _res2_1_branch1_bn.w1 | -256 | -特征图均值 | -
| _res2_1_branch1_bn.w2 | -256 | -特征图方差 | -
| _res2_1_branch1_bn.wbias | -256 | -beta, 偏置参数 | -
- -### 参数读取 - -使用者可以使用下面的Python脚本来读取参数值: - -``` -import sys -import numpy as np - -def load(file_name): - with open(file_name, 'rb') as f: - f.read(16) # skip header for float type. - return np.fromfile(f, dtype=np.float32) - -if __name__=='__main__': - weight = load(sys.argv[1]) -``` - -或者直接使用下面的shell命令: - -``` -od -j 16 -f _res2_1_branch1_bn.w0 -``` - -## 特征提取 - -我们提供了C++和Python接口来提取特征。下面的例子使用了`demo/model_zoo/resnet/example`中的数据，详细地展示了整个特征提取的过程。 - -### C++接口 - -首先，在配置文件中的`define_py_data_sources2`里指定图像数据列表，具体请参照示例`demo/model_zoo/resnet/resnet.py`。 - -``` - train_list = 'train.list' if not is_test else None - # mean.meta is mean file of ImageNet dataset. - # mean.meta size : 3 x 224 x 224. - # If you use three mean value, set like: - # "mean_value:103.939,116.779,123.68;" - args={ - 'mean_meta': "model/mean_meta_224/mean.meta", - 'image_size': 224, 'crop_size': 224, - 'color': True,'swap_channel:': [2, 1, 0]} - define_py_data_sources2(train_list, - 'example/test.list', - module="example.image_list_provider", - obj="processData", - args=args) -``` - -第二步，在`resnet.py`文件中指定要提取特征的网络层的名字。例如， - -``` -Outputs("res5_3_branch2c_conv", "res5_3_branch2c_bn") -``` - -第三步，在`extract_fea_c++.sh`文件中指定模型路径和输出的目录，然后执行下面的命令。 - -``` -cd demo/model_zoo/resnet -./extract_fea_c++.sh -``` - -如果执行成功，特征将会存到`fea_output/rank-00000`文件中，如下所示。同时你可以使用`load_feature.py`文件中的`load_feature_c`接口来加载该文件。 - -``` --0.115318 -0.108358 ... -0.087884;-1.27664 ... -1.11516 -2.59123; --0.126383 -0.116248 ... -0.00534909;-1.42593 ... -1.04501 -1.40769; -``` - -* 每行存储的是一个样本的特征。其中，第一行存的是图像`example/dog.jpg`的特征，第二行存的是图像`example/cat.jpg`的特征。 -* 不同层的特征由分号`;`隔开，并且它们的顺序与`Outputs()`中指定的层顺序一致。这里，左边是`res5_3_branch2c_conv`层的特征，右边是`res5_3_branch2c_bn`层特征。 - -### Python接口 - -示例`demo/model_zoo/resnet/classify.py`中展示了如何使用Python来提取特征。下面的例子同样使用了`./example/test.list`中的数据。执行的命令如下： - -``` -cd demo/model_zoo/resnet -./extract_fea_py.sh -``` - -extract_fea_py.sh: - -``` -python classify.py \ - --job=extract \ - --conf=resnet.py\ - --use_gpu=1 \ - --mean=model/mean_meta_224/mean.meta \ - --model=model/resnet_50 \ - --data=./example/test.list \ - --output_layer="res5_3_branch2c_conv,res5_3_branch2c_bn" \ - --output_dir=features - -``` -* \--job=extract: 指定工作模式来提取特征。 -* \--conf=resnet.py: 网络配置文件。 -* \--use_gpu=1: 指定是否使用GPU。 -* \--model=model/resnet_50: 模型路径。 -* \--data=./example/test.list: 数据列表。 -* \--output_layer="xxx,xxx": 指定提取特征的层。 -* \--output_dir=features: 输出目录。 - -如果运行成功，你将会看到特征存储在`features/batch_0`文件中，该文件是由cPickle产生的。你可以使用`load_feature.py`中的`load_feature_py`接口来打开该文件，它将返回如下的字典： - -``` -{ -'cat.jpg': {'res5_3_branch2c_conv': array([[-0.12638293, -0.116248 , -0.11883899, ..., -0.00895038, 0.01994277, -0.00534909]], dtype=float32), 'res5_3_branch2c_bn': array([[-1.42593431, -1.28918779, -1.32414699, ..., -1.45933616, -1.04501402, -1.40769434]], dtype=float32)}, -'dog.jpg': {'res5_3_branch2c_conv': array([[-0.11531784, -0.10835785, -0.08809858, ...,0.0055237, 0.01505112, -0.08788397]], dtype=float32), 'res5_3_branch2c_bn': array([[-1.27663755, -1.18272924, -0.90937918, ..., -1.25178063, -1.11515927, -2.59122872]], dtype=float32)} -} -``` - -仔细观察，这些特征值与上述使用C++接口提取的结果是一致的。 - -## 预测 - -`classify.py`文件也可以用于对样本进行预测。我们提供了一个示例脚本`predict.sh`，它使用50层的ResNet模型来对`example/test.list`中的数据进行预测。 - -``` -cd demo/model_zoo/resnet -./predict.sh -``` - -predict.sh调用了`classify.py`: - -``` -python classify.py \ - --job=predict \ - --conf=resnet.py\ - --multi_crop \ - --model=model/resnet_50 \ - --use_gpu=1 \ - --data=./example/test.list -``` -* \--job=extract: 指定工作模型进行预测。 -* \--conf=resnet.py: 网络配置文件。network configure. -* \--multi_crop: 使用10个裁剪图像块，预测概率取平均。 -* \--use_gpu=1: 指定是否使用GPU。 -* \--model=model/resnet_50: 模型路径。 -* \--data=./example/test.list: 数据列表。 - -如果运行成功，你将会看到如下结果，其中156和285是这些图像的分类标签。 - -``` -Label of example/dog.jpg is: 156 -Label of example/cat.jpg is: 282 -``` diff --git a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/imagenet_model/resnet_model_en.md b/doc/v1_api_tutorials/imagenet_model/resnet_model_en.md deleted file mode 100644 index 478ad06193..0000000000 --- a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/imagenet_model/resnet_model_en.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,284 +0,0 @@ -# Model Zoo - ImageNet # - -[ImageNet](http://www.image-net.org/) is a popular dataset for generic object classification. This tutorial provides convolutional neural network(CNN) models for ImageNet. - -## ResNet Introduction - -ResNets from paper [Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition](http://arxiv.org/abs/1512.03385) won the 1st place on the ILSVRC 2015 classification task. They present residual learning framework to ease the training of networks that are substantially deeper than those used previously. The residual connections are shown in following figure. The left building block is used in network of 34 layers and the right bottleneck building block is used in network of 50, 101, 152 layers . - -
| ResNet | -Top-1 | -Model Size | -
|---|---|---|
| ResNet-50 | -24.9% | -99M | -
| ResNet-101 | -23.7% | -173M | -
| ResNet-152 | -23.2% | -234M | -
- -## ResNet Model - -See ```demo/model_zoo/resnet/resnet.py```. This config contains network of 50, 101 and 152 layers. You can specify layer number by adding argument like ```--config_args=layer_num=50``` in command line arguments. - -### Network Visualization - -You can get a diagram of ResNet network by running the following commands. The script generates dot file and then converts dot file to PNG file, which needs to install graphviz to convert. - -``` -cd demo/model_zoo/resnet -./net_diagram.sh -``` - -### Model Download - -``` -cd demo/model_zoo/resnet -./get_model.sh -``` -You can run above command to download all models and mean file and save them in ```demo/model_zoo/resnet/model``` if downloading successfully. - -``` -mean_meta_224 resnet_101 resnet_152 resnet_50 -``` - * resnet_50: model of 50 layers. - * resnet_101: model of 101 layers. - * resnet_152: model of 152 layers. - * mean\_meta\_224: mean file with 3 x 224 x 224 size in **BGR** order. You also can use three mean values: 103.939, 116.779, 123.68. - -### Parameter Info - -* **Convolution Layer Weight** - - As batch normalization layer is connected after each convolution layer, there is no parameter of bias and only one weight in this layer. - shape: `(Co, ky, kx, Ci)` - * Co: channle number of output feature map. - * ky: filter size in vertical direction. - * kx: filter size in horizontal direction. - * Ci: channle number of input feature map. - - 2-Dim matrix: (Co * ky * kx, Ci), saved in row-major order. - -* **Fully connected Layer Weight** - - 2-Dim matrix: (input layer size, this layer size), saved in row-major order. - -* **[Batch Normalization](
| Parameter Name | -Number | -Meaning | -
|---|---|---|
| _res2_1_branch1_bn.w0 | -256 | -gamma, scale parameter | -
| _res2_1_branch1_bn.w1 | -256 | -mean value of feature map | -
| _res2_1_branch1_bn.w2 | -256 | -variance of feature map | -
| _res2_1_branch1_bn.wbias | -256 | -beta, shift parameter | -
- -### Parameter Observation - -Users who want to observe the parameters can use Python to read: - -``` -import sys -import numpy as np - -def load(file_name): - with open(file_name, 'rb') as f: - f.read(16) # skip header for float type. - return np.fromfile(f, dtype=np.float32) - -if __name__=='__main__': - weight = load(sys.argv[1]) -``` - -or simply use following shell command: - -``` -od -j 16 -f _res2_1_branch1_bn.w0 -``` - -## Feature Extraction - -We provide both C++ and Python interfaces to extract features. The following examples use data in `demo/model_zoo/resnet/example` to show the extracting process in detail. - -### C++ Interface - -First, specify image data list in `define_py_data_sources2` in the config, see example `demo/model_zoo/resnet/resnet.py`. - -``` - train_list = 'train.list' if not is_test else None - # mean.meta is mean file of ImageNet dataset. - # mean.meta size : 3 x 224 x 224. - # If you use three mean value, set like: - # "mean_value:103.939,116.779,123.68;" - args={ - 'mean_meta': "model/mean_meta_224/mean.meta", - 'image_size': 224, 'crop_size': 224, - 'color': True,'swap_channel:': [2, 1, 0]} - define_py_data_sources2(train_list, - 'example/test.list', - module="example.image_list_provider", - obj="processData", - args=args) -``` - -Second, specify layers to extract features in `Outputs()` of `resnet.py`. For example, - -``` -Outputs("res5_3_branch2c_conv", "res5_3_branch2c_bn") -``` - -Third, specify model path and output directory in `extract_fea_c++.sh`, and then run the following commands. - -``` -cd demo/model_zoo/resnet -./extract_fea_c++.sh -``` - -If successful, features are saved in `fea_output/rank-00000` as follows. And you can use `load_feature_c` interface in `load_feature.py ` to load such a file. - -``` --0.115318 -0.108358 ... -0.087884;-1.27664 ... -1.11516 -2.59123; --0.126383 -0.116248 ... -0.00534909;-1.42593 ... -1.04501 -1.40769; -``` - -* Each line stores features of a sample. Here, the first line stores features of `example/dog.jpg` and second line stores features of `example/cat.jpg`. -* Features of different layers are splitted by `;`, and their order is consistent with the layer order in `Outputs()`. Here, the left features are `res5_3_branch2c_conv` layer and right features are `res5_3_branch2c_bn` layer. - -### Python Interface - -`demo/model_zoo/resnet/classify.py` is an example to show how to use Python to extract features. Following example still uses data of `./example/test.list`. Command is as follows: - -``` -cd demo/model_zoo/resnet -./extract_fea_py.sh -``` - -extract_fea_py.sh: - -``` -python classify.py \ - --job=extract \ - --conf=resnet.py\ - --use_gpu=1 \ - --mean=model/mean_meta_224/mean.meta \ - --model=model/resnet_50 \ - --data=./example/test.list \ - --output_layer="res5_3_branch2c_conv,res5_3_branch2c_bn" \ - --output_dir=features - -``` -* \--job=extract: specify job mode to extract feature. -* \--conf=resnet.py: network configure. -* \--use_gpu=1: speficy GPU mode. -* \--model=model/resnet_5: model path. -* \--data=./example/test.list: data list. -* \--output_layer="xxx,xxx": specify layers to extract features. -* \--output_dir=features: output diretcoty. - -If run successfully, you will see features saved in `features/batch_0`, this file is produced with cPickle. You can use `load_feature_py` interface in `load_feature.py` to open the file, and it returns a dictionary as follows: - -``` -{ -'cat.jpg': {'res5_3_branch2c_conv': array([[-0.12638293, -0.116248 , -0.11883899, ..., -0.00895038, 0.01994277, -0.00534909]], dtype=float32), 'res5_3_branch2c_bn': array([[-1.42593431, -1.28918779, -1.32414699, ..., -1.45933616, -1.04501402, -1.40769434]], dtype=float32)}, -'dog.jpg': {'res5_3_branch2c_conv': array([[-0.11531784, -0.10835785, -0.08809858, ...,0.0055237, 0.01505112, -0.08788397]], dtype=float32), 'res5_3_branch2c_bn': array([[-1.27663755, -1.18272924, -0.90937918, ..., -1.25178063, -1.11515927, -2.59122872]], dtype=float32)} -} -``` - -Observed carefully, these feature values are consistent with the above results extracted by C++ interface. - -## Prediction - -`classify.py` also can be used to predict. We provide an example script `predict.sh` to predict data in `example/test.list` using a ResNet model with 50 layers. - -``` -cd demo/model_zoo/resnet -./predict.sh -``` - -predict.sh calls the `classify.py`: - -``` -python classify.py \ - --job=predict \ - --conf=resnet.py\ - --multi_crop \ - --model=model/resnet_50 \ - --use_gpu=1 \ - --data=./example/test.list -``` -* \--job=extract: speficy job mode to predict. -* \--conf=resnet.py: network configure. -* \--multi_crop: use 10 crops and average predicting probability. -* \--use_gpu=1: speficy GPU mode. -* \--model=model/resnet_50: model path. -* \--data=./example/test.list: data list. - -If run successfully, you will see following results, where 156 and 285 are labels of the images. - -``` -Label of example/dog.jpg is: 156 -Label of example/cat.jpg is: 282 -``` diff --git a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/index_cn.rst b/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/index_cn.rst deleted file mode 100644 index d565fcf95e..0000000000 --- a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/index_cn.rst +++ /dev/null @@ -1,397 +0,0 @@ -============= -快速入门教程 -============= - -我们将以 `文本分类问题
| Network name | -Number of parameters | -Test error | - - - - -
|---|---|---|
| Logistic regression | -252 KB | -8.652% | -
- -### Word Embedding Model -In order to use the word embedding model, you need to change the data provider a little bit to make the input words as a sequence of word IDs. The revised data provider `dataprovider_emb.py` is listed below. You only need to change initializer() for the type of the first input. It is changed from sparse_binary_vector to sequence of intergers. process() remains the same. This data provider can also be used for later sequence models. - -```python -def initializer(settings, dictionary, **kwargs): - # Put the word dictionary into settings - settings.word_dict = dictionary - settings.input_types = [ - # Define the type of the first input as a sequence of integers. - integer_value_sequence(len(dictionary)), - # Define the second input for label id - integer_value(2)] - -@provider(init_hook=initializer) -def process(settings, file_name): - ... - # omitted, it is same as the data provider for LR model -``` - -This model is very similar to the framework of logistic regression, but it uses word embedding vectors instead of a sparse vectors to represent words. -
| Network name | -Number of parameters | -Test error | - - - - -
|---|---|---|
| Word embedding model | -15 MB | -8.484% | -
- -### Convolutional Neural Network Model -Convolutional neural network converts a sequence of word embeddings into a sentence representation using temporal convolutions. You will transform the fully connected layer of the word embedding model to 3 new sub-steps. -
| Network name | -Number of parameters | -Test error | - - - - -
|---|---|---|
| Convolutional model | -16 MB | -5.628% | -
- -### Recurrent Model -
| Network name | -Number of parameters | -Test error | - - - - -
|---|---|---|
| Recurrent model | -16 MB | -4.812% | -
- -## Optimization Algorithm -Optimization algorithms include Momentum, RMSProp, AdaDelta, AdaGrad, Adam, and Adamax. You can use Adam optimization method here, with L2 regularization and gradient clipping, because Adam has been proved to work very well for training recurrent neural network. - -```python -settings(batch_size=128, - learning_rate=2e-3, - learning_method=AdamOptimizer(), - regularization=L2Regularization(8e-4), - gradient_clipping_threshold=25) -``` - -## Training Model -After completing data preparation and network architecture specification, you will run the training script. -
| Network name | -Number of parameters | -Error rate | -Configuration file name | - - - - -
|---|---|---|---|
| Logistic regression model(BOW) | -252KB | -8.652% | -trainer_config.lr.py | -
| Word embedding | -15MB | -8.484% | -trainer_config.emb.py | -
| Convolution model | -16MB | -5.628% | -trainer_config.cnn.py | -
| Time sequence model | -16MB | -4.812% | -trainer_config.lstm.py | -
- -## Appendix -### Command Line Argument - -* \--config：network architecture path. -* \--save_dir：model save directory. -* \--log_period：the logging period per batch. -* \--num_passes：number of training passes. One pass means the training would go over the whole training dataset once. -* \--config_args：Other configuration arguments. -* \--init_model_path：The path of the initial model parameter. - -By default, the trainer will save model every pass. You can also specify `saving_period_by_batches` to set the frequency of batch saving. You can use `show_parameter_stats_period` to print the statistics of the parameters, which are very useful for tuning parameters. Other command line arguments can be found in command line argument documentation。 - -### Log - -``` -TrainerInternal.cpp:160] Batch=20 samples=2560 AvgCost=0.628761 CurrentCost=0.628761 Eval: classification_error_evaluator=0.304297 CurrentEval: classification_error_evaluator=0.304297 -``` -During model training, you will see the log like the examples above: -
| Name | -Explanation | - - - -
|---|---|
| Batch=20 | -You have trained 20 batches. | -
| samples=2560 | -You have trained 2560 examples. | -
| AvgCost | -The average cost from the first batch to the current batch. | -
| CurrentCost | -the average cost of the last log_period batches | -
| Eval: classification_error_evaluator | -The average classification error from the first batch to the current batch. | -
| CurrentEval: classification_error_evaluator | -The average error rate of the last log_period batches | -
diff --git a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/NetContinuous_cn.jpg b/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/NetContinuous_cn.jpg deleted file mode 100755 index b18e452a48..0000000000 Binary files a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/NetContinuous_cn.jpg and /dev/null differ diff --git a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/NetContinuous_en.png b/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/NetContinuous_en.png deleted file mode 100644 index 7bdef1aa36..0000000000 Binary files a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/NetContinuous_en.png and /dev/null differ diff --git a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/NetConv_cn.jpg b/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/NetConv_cn.jpg deleted file mode 100755 index 0f5ebfa52f..0000000000 Binary files a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/NetConv_cn.jpg and /dev/null differ diff --git a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/NetConv_en.png b/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/NetConv_en.png deleted file mode 100644 index ad618d1d6f..0000000000 Binary files a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/NetConv_en.png and /dev/null differ diff --git a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/NetLR_cn.jpg b/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/NetLR_cn.jpg deleted file mode 100755 index ee65d1f412..0000000000 Binary files a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/NetLR_cn.jpg and /dev/null differ diff --git a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/NetLR_en.png b/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/NetLR_en.png deleted file mode 100644 index 9d514bf1b1..0000000000 Binary files a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/NetLR_en.png and /dev/null differ diff --git a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/NetRNN_cn.jpg b/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/NetRNN_cn.jpg deleted file mode 100755 index f8bc081827..0000000000 Binary files a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/NetRNN_cn.jpg and /dev/null differ diff --git a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/NetRNN_en.png b/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/NetRNN_en.png deleted file mode 100644 index 180f273d32..0000000000 Binary files a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/NetRNN_en.png and /dev/null differ diff --git a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/PipelineNetwork_cn.jpg b/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/PipelineNetwork_cn.jpg deleted file mode 100755 index 7e68891d7a..0000000000 Binary files a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/PipelineNetwork_cn.jpg and /dev/null differ diff --git a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/PipelineNetwork_en.jpg b/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/PipelineNetwork_en.jpg deleted file mode 100644 index e779aed06d..0000000000 Binary files a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/PipelineNetwork_en.jpg and /dev/null differ diff --git a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/PipelineTest_cn.jpg b/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/PipelineTest_cn.jpg deleted file mode 100755 index 01715db886..0000000000 Binary files a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/PipelineTest_cn.jpg and /dev/null differ diff --git a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/PipelineTest_en.png b/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/PipelineTest_en.png deleted file mode 100644 index 7e7ef520b5..0000000000 Binary files a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/PipelineTest_en.png and /dev/null differ diff --git a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/PipelineTrain_cn.jpg b/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/PipelineTrain_cn.jpg deleted file mode 100755 index 8049d3e53c..0000000000 Binary files a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/PipelineTrain_cn.jpg and /dev/null differ diff --git a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/PipelineTrain_en.png b/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/PipelineTrain_en.png deleted file mode 100644 index 132d29bfd5..0000000000 Binary files a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/PipelineTrain_en.png and /dev/null differ diff --git a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/Pipeline_cn.jpg b/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/Pipeline_cn.jpg deleted file mode 100755 index d5d99253ea..0000000000 Binary files a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/Pipeline_cn.jpg and /dev/null differ diff --git a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/Pipeline_en.jpg b/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/Pipeline_en.jpg deleted file mode 100644 index 21a7a7bb6a..0000000000 Binary files a/doc/v1_api_tutorials/quick_start/src/Pipeline_en.jpg and /dev/null differ diff --git a/go/pserver/client/c/test/test_cclient.c b/go/pserver/client/c/test/test_cclient.c index 89c4d7f00a..05ec421fff 100644 --- a/go/pserver/client/c/test/test_cclient.c +++ b/go/pserver/client/c/test/test_cclient.c @@ -1,16 +1,16 @@ /* Copyright (c) 2016 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve. - Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); - you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. - You may obtain a copy of the License at +Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); +you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. +You may obtain a copy of the License at - http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 + http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 - Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software - distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, - WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. - See the License for the specific language governing permissions and - limitations under the License. */ +Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software +distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, +WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. +See the License for the specific language governing permissions and +limitations under the License. */ #include